1.nginx介绍及安装

一、nginx介绍

1、作用

• 部署web服务
  虚拟主机、URL重写、LNMP平台

• 反向代理
  隐藏服务器地址，安全

2、优势

高并发、高性能、资源消耗少
基于epoll的模型设计

二、nginx安装、启动管理

1、nginx安装

1.1 下载nginx安装包

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
--2024-05-28 10:33:06--  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
Resolving nginx.org (nginx.org)... 3.125.197.172, 52.58.199.22, 2a05:d014:5c0:2600::6, ...
Connecting to nginx.org (nginx.org)|3.125.197.172|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1062124 (1.0M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz’

100%[============================================================================================>] 1,062,124   1.20MB/s   in 0.8s   

2024-05-28 10:33:07 (1.20 MB/s) - ‘nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz’ saved [1062124/1062124]

1.2 安装依赖

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel 

1.3 编译安装nginx

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz 
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.20.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.2]# make && make install 

1.4 nginx相关文件目录

[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/ 
conf  html  logs  sbin

sbin: 可执行命令，二进制程序 
logs: 日志
html：默认的网页目录 
conf: 配置文件，nginx.conf 

2、启动管理

1、nginx启动

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunlp | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3973/nginx: master  
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# ps -elf | grep nginx 
1 S root       3973      1  0  80   0 -  5144 sigsus 10:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
5 S nobody     3974   3973  0  80   0 -  5255 ep_pol 10:44 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

master process: 主进程，负责记录日志、读取配置文件，管理子进程 

2、设置开机自启动

[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri '$a \/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' /etc/rc.d/rc.local 
[root@localhost ~]# chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

3、关闭nginx

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

4、检测配置文件语法

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

5、查看版本

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.20.2

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.20.2
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) 
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module

6、加载配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunlp | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8080            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      4014/nginx: master