00. 目录
文章目录
01. ADC简介
小容量产品是指闪存存储器容量在16K至32K字节之间的STM32F101xx、STM32F102xx和STM32F103xx微控制器。
中容量产品是指闪存存储器容量在64K至128K字节之间的STM32F101xx、STM32F102xx和STM32F103xx微控制器。
大容量产品是指闪存存储器容量在256K至512K字节之间的STM32F101xx和STM32F103xx微控制器。
互联型产品是指STM32F105xx和STM32F107xx微控制器。
12位ADC是一种逐次逼近型模拟数字转换器。它有多达18个通道，可测量16个外部和2个内部信号源。各通道的A/D转换可以单次、连
续、扫描或间断模式执行。ADC的结果可以左对齐或右对齐方式存储在16位数据寄存器中。
模拟看门狗特性允许应用程序检测输入电压是否超出用户定义的高/低阀值。
ADC的输入时钟不得超过14MHz，它是由PCLK2经分频产生。
02. ADC相关API
2.1 RCC_ADCCLKConfig
/**
* @brief Configures the ADC clock (ADCCLK).
* @param RCC_PCLK2: defines the ADC clock divider. This clock is derived from
* the APB2 clock (PCLK2).
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div2: ADC clock = PCLK2/2
* @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div4: ADC clock = PCLK2/4
* @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div6: ADC clock = PCLK2/6
* @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div8: ADC clock = PCLK2/8
* @retval None
*/
void RCC_ADCCLKConfig(uint32_t RCC_PCLK2)
功能:
设置 ADC 时钟（ADCCLK）
参数:
RCC_ADCCLKSource: 定义 ADCCLK，该时钟源自 APB2 时钟（PCLK2）
返回值:
无
2.2 ADC_RegularChannelConfig
/**
* @brief Configures for the selected ADC regular channel its corresponding
* rank in the sequencer and its sample time.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @param ADC_Channel: the ADC channel to configure.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg ADC_Channel_0: ADC Channel0 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_1: ADC Channel1 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_2: ADC Channel2 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_3: ADC Channel3 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_4: ADC Channel4 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_5: ADC Channel5 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_6: ADC Channel6 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_7: ADC Channel7 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_8: ADC Channel8 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_9: ADC Channel9 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_10: ADC Channel10 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_11: ADC Channel11 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_12: ADC Channel12 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_13: ADC Channel13 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_14: ADC Channel14 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_15: ADC Channel15 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_16: ADC Channel16 selected
* @arg ADC_Channel_17: ADC Channel17 selected
* @param Rank: The rank in the regular group sequencer. This parameter must be between 1 to 16.
* @param ADC_SampleTime: The sample time value to be set for the selected channel.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_1Cycles5: Sample time equal to 1.5 cycles
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_7Cycles5: Sample time equal to 7.5 cycles
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_13Cycles5: Sample time equal to 13.5 cycles
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_28Cycles5: Sample time equal to 28.5 cycles
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_41Cycles5: Sample time equal to 41.5 cycles
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5: Sample time equal to 55.5 cycles
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_71Cycles5: Sample time equal to 71.5 cycles
* @arg ADC_SampleTime_239Cycles5: Sample time equal to 239.5 cycles
* @retval None
*/
void ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, uint8_t ADC_Channel, uint8_t Rank, uint8_t ADC_SampleTime)
功能:
设置指定 ADC 的规则组通道，设置它们的转化顺序和采样时间
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
ADC_Channel：被设置的 ADC 通道
Rank：规则组采样顺序。取值范围 1 到 16。
ADC_SampleTime：指定 ADC 通道的采样时间值
返回值:
无
2.3 ADC_Init
/**
* @brief Initializes the ADCx peripheral according to the specified parameters
* in the ADC_InitStruct.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @param ADC_InitStruct: pointer to an ADC_InitTypeDef structure that contains
* the configuration information for the specified ADC peripheral.
* @retval None
*/
void ADC_Init(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, ADC_InitTypeDef* ADC_InitStruct)
功能:
根据 ADC_InitStruct 中指定的参数初始化外设 ADCx 的寄存器
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
ADC_InitStruct：指向结构 ADC_InitTypeDef 的指针，包含了指定外设 ADC 的配置信息
返回值:
无
2.4 ADC_InitTypeDef
/**
* @brief ADC Init structure definition
*/
typedef struct
{
uint32_t ADC_Mode; /*!< Configures the ADC to operate in independent or
dual mode.
This parameter can be a value of @ref ADC_mode */
FunctionalState ADC_ScanConvMode; /*!< Specifies whether the conversion is performed in
Scan (multichannels) or Single (one channel) mode.
This parameter can be set to ENABLE or DISABLE */
FunctionalState ADC_ContinuousConvMode; /*!< Specifies whether the conversion is performed in
Continuous or Single mode.
This parameter can be set to ENABLE or DISABLE. */
uint32_t ADC_ExternalTrigConv; /*!< Defines the external trigger used to start the analog
to digital conversion of regular channels. This parameter
can be a value of @ref ADC_external_trigger_sources_for_regular_channels_conversion */
uint32_t ADC_DataAlign; /*!< Specifies whether the ADC data alignment is left or right.
This parameter can be a value of @ref ADC_data_align */
uint8_t ADC_NbrOfChannel; /*!< Specifies the number of ADC channels that will be converted
using the sequencer for regular channel group.
This parameter must range from 1 to 16. */
}ADC_InitTypeDef;
ADC_mode
/** @defgroup ADC_mode
* @{
*/
#define ADC_Mode_Independent ((uint32_t)0x00000000)
#define ADC_Mode_RegInjecSimult ((uint32_t)0x00010000)
#define ADC_Mode_RegSimult_AlterTrig ((uint32_t)0x00020000)
#define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult_FastInterl ((uint32_t)0x00030000)
#define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult_SlowInterl ((uint32_t)0x00040000)
#define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult ((uint32_t)0x00050000)
#define ADC_Mode_RegSimult ((uint32_t)0x00060000)
#define ADC_Mode_FastInterl ((uint32_t)0x00070000)
#define ADC_Mode_SlowInterl ((uint32_t)0x00080000)
#define ADC_Mode_AlterTrig ((uint32_t)0x00090000)
ADC_ExternalTrigConv
/** @defgroup ADC_external_trigger_sources_for_regular_channels_conversion
* @{
*/
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T1_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x00000000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T1_CC2 ((uint32_t)0x00020000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T2_CC2 ((uint32_t)0x00060000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T3_TRGO ((uint32_t)0x00080000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T4_CC4 ((uint32_t)0x000A0000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_Ext_IT11_TIM8_TRGO ((uint32_t)0x000C0000) /*!< For ADC1 and ADC2 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T1_CC3 ((uint32_t)0x00040000) /*!< For ADC1, ADC2 and ADC3 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None ((uint32_t)0x000E0000) /*!< For ADC1, ADC2 and ADC3 */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T3_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x00000000) /*!< For ADC3 only */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T2_CC3 ((uint32_t)0x00020000) /*!< For ADC3 only */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T8_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x00060000) /*!< For ADC3 only */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T8_TRGO ((uint32_t)0x00080000) /*!< For ADC3 only */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T5_CC1 ((uint32_t)0x000A0000) /*!< For ADC3 only */
#define ADC_ExternalTrigConv_T5_CC3 ((uint32_t)0x000C0000) /*!< For ADC3 only */
ADC_data_align
/** @defgroup ADC_data_align
* @{
*/
#define ADC_DataAlign_Right ((uint32_t)0x00000000)
#define ADC_DataAlign_Left ((uint32_t)0x00000800)
2.5 ADC_Cmd
/**
* @brief Enables or disables the specified ADC peripheral.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @param NewState: new state of the ADCx peripheral.
* This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
* @retval None
*/
void ADC_Cmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState)
功能:
使能或者失能指定的 ADC
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
NewState：外设 ADCx 的新状态
返回值:
无
2.6 ADC_ResetCalibration
/**
* @brief Resets the selected ADC calibration registers.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @retval None
*/
void ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx)
功能:
重置指定的 ADC 的校准寄存器
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
返回值:
无
2.7 ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus
/**
* @brief Gets the selected ADC reset calibration registers status.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @retval The new state of ADC reset calibration registers (SET or RESET).
*/
FlagStatus ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx)
功能:
获取 ADC 重置校准寄存器的状态
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
返回值:
ADC 重置校准寄存器的新状态（SET 或者 RESET）
2.8 ADC_StartCalibration
/**
* @brief Starts the selected ADC calibration process.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @retval None
*/
void ADC_StartCalibration(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx)
功能:
开始指定 ADC 的校准状态
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
返回值:
无
2.9 ADC_GetCalibrationStatus
/**
* @brief Gets the selected ADC calibration status.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @retval The new state of ADC calibration (SET or RESET).
*/
FlagStatus ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx)
功能:
获取指定 ADC 的校准程序状态
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
返回值:
ADC 校准的新状态（SET 或者 RESET）
2.10 ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd
/**
* @brief Enables or disables the selected ADC software start conversion .
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @param NewState: new state of the selected ADC software start conversion.
* This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
* @retval None
*/
void ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState)
功能:
使能或者失能指定的 ADC 的软件转换启动功能
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
NewState：指定 ADC 的软件转换启动新状态
返回值:
无
2.11 ADC_GetFlagStatus
/**
* @brief Checks whether the specified ADC flag is set or not.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @param ADC_FLAG: specifies the flag to check.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg ADC_FLAG_AWD: Analog watchdog flag
* @arg ADC_FLAG_EOC: End of conversion flag
* @arg ADC_FLAG_JEOC: End of injected group conversion flag
* @arg ADC_FLAG_JSTRT: Start of injected group conversion flag
* @arg ADC_FLAG_STRT: Start of regular group conversion flag
* @retval The new state of ADC_FLAG (SET or RESET).
*/
FlagStatus ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, uint8_t ADC_FLAG)
功能:
检查制定 ADC 标志位置 1 与否
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
ADC_FLAG：指定需检查的标志位
返回值:
ADC状态（SET 或者 RESET）
2.12 ADC_GetConversionValue
/**
* @brief Returns the last ADCx conversion result data for regular channel.
* @param ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
* @retval The Data conversion value.
*/
uint16_t ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx)
功能:
返回最近一次 ADCx 规则组的转换结果
参数:
ADCx：x 可以是 1 或者 2 来选择 ADC 外设 ADC1 或 ADC2
返回值:
转换结果
03. ADC单通道接线图
04. ADC单通道示例
单次转换，非扫描模式
adc.h
#ifndef __ADC_H__
#define __ADC_H__
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
void adc_init(void);
uint16_t adc_getvalue(void);
#endif /*__ADC_H__*/
adc.c
#include "adc.h"
void adc_init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStruct;
//开启ADC时钟 PA0 --> ADC1_0
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1, ENABLE);
//开启GPIOA的时钟
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
//设置为6分频 72M / 6 = 12M
RCC_ADCCLKConfig(RCC_PCLK2_Div6);
//GPIO配置
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
//ADC配置
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ScanConvMode = DISABLE;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_DataAlign = ADC_DataAlign_Right;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ExternalTrigConv = ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_Mode = ADC_Mode_Independent;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_NbrOfChannel = 1;
ADC_Init(ADC1, &ADC_InitStruct);
ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_0, 1, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);
//使能ADC
ADC_Cmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
//校准ADC
ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC1);
while(ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC1));
ADC_StartCalibration(ADC1);
while(ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC1));
}
uint16_t adc_getvalue(void)
{
ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
while(ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC) != SET);
return ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);
}
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "adc.h"
int main(void)
{
uint16_t value = 0;
float volate = 0;
//初始化
OLED_Init();
adc_init();
//显示字符串
OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "ADCValue: ");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "Volate:0.00V");
while(1)
{
value = adc_getvalue();
volate = (float)value / 4095 * 3.3;
OLED_ShowNum(1, 10, value, 4);
OLED_ShowNum(2, 8, volate, 1);
OLED_ShowNum(2, 10, (uint16_t)(volate * 100) % 100, 2);
delay_ms(100);
}
}
连续转换，非扫描模式
adc.h
#ifndef __ADC_H__
#define __ADC_H__
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
void adc_init(void);
uint16_t adc_getvalue(void);
#endif /*__ADC_H__*/
adc.c
#include "adc.h"
void adc_init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStruct;
//开启ADC时钟 PA0 --> ADC1_0
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1, ENABLE);
//开启GPIOA的时钟
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
//设置为6分频 72M / 6 = 12M
RCC_ADCCLKConfig(RCC_PCLK2_Div6);
//GPIO配置
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
//ADC配置
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE; //连续转换模式
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ScanConvMode = DISABLE;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_DataAlign = ADC_DataAlign_Right;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ExternalTrigConv = ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_Mode = ADC_Mode_Independent;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_NbrOfChannel = 1;
ADC_Init(ADC1, &ADC_InitStruct);
ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel_0, 1, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);
//使能ADC
ADC_Cmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
//校准ADC
ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC1);
while(ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC1));
ADC_StartCalibration(ADC1);
while(ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC1));
//启动一次转换即可
ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
}
uint16_t adc_getvalue(void)
{
while(ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC) != SET);
return ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);
}
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "adc.h"
int main(void)
{
uint16_t value = 0;
float volate = 0;
//初始化
OLED_Init();
adc_init();
//显示字符串
OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "ADCValue: ");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "Volate:0.00V");
while(1)
{
value = adc_getvalue();
volate = (float)value / 4095 * 3.3;
OLED_ShowNum(1, 10, value, 4);
OLED_ShowNum(2, 8, volate, 1);
OLED_ShowNum(2, 10, (uint16_t)(volate * 100) % 100, 2);
delay_ms(100);
}
}
05. ADC多通道接线图
06. 热敏传感器
07. 光敏传感器
08. 反射式红外传感器
09. ADC多通道示例
adc.h
#ifndef __ADC_H__
#define __ADC_H__
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
void adc_init(void);
uint16_t adc_getvalue(uint8_t ADC_Channel);
#endif /*__ADC_H__*/
adc.c
#include "adc.h"
void adc_init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
ADC_InitTypeDef ADC_InitStruct;
//开启ADC时钟 PA0 --> ADC1_0
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1, ENABLE);
//开启GPIOA的时钟
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
//设置为6分频 72M / 6 = 12M
RCC_ADCCLKConfig(RCC_PCLK2_Div6);
//GPIO配置
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_3;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AIN;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
//ADC配置
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ScanConvMode = DISABLE;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_DataAlign = ADC_DataAlign_Right;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_ExternalTrigConv = ADC_ExternalTrigConv_None;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_Mode = ADC_Mode_Independent;
ADC_InitStruct.ADC_NbrOfChannel = 1;
ADC_Init(ADC1, &ADC_InitStruct);
//使能ADC
ADC_Cmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
//校准ADC
ADC_ResetCalibration(ADC1);
while(ADC_GetResetCalibrationStatus(ADC1));
ADC_StartCalibration(ADC1);
while(ADC_GetCalibrationStatus(ADC1));
}
uint16_t adc_getvalue(uint8_t ADC_Channel)
{
ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC1, ADC_Channel, 1, ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5);
ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC1, ENABLE);
while(ADC_GetFlagStatus(ADC1, ADC_FLAG_EOC) != SET);
return ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC1);
}
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "adc.h"
int main(void)
{
uint16_t ad0 = 0;
uint16_t ad1 = 0;
uint16_t ad2 = 0;
uint16_t ad3 = 0;
float volate = 0;
//初始化
OLED_Init();
adc_init();
//显示字符串
OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "AD0: ");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "AD1: ");
OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "AD2: ");
OLED_ShowString(4, 1, "AD3: ");
while(1)
{
ad0 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_0);
ad1 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_1);
ad2 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_2);
ad3 = adc_getvalue(ADC_Channel_3);
OLED_ShowNum(1, 5, ad0, 4);
OLED_ShowNum(2, 5, ad1, 4);
OLED_ShowNum(3, 5, ad2, 4);
OLED_ShowNum(4, 5, ad3, 4);
delay_ms(100);
}
}
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