Ribbon-@LoadBalance+RestTemplate

为什么在RestTemplate加一个@LoadBalance注解就可可以开启负载均衡呢？

 @LoadBalanced
 @Bean
 RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
 }

全局搜索ctr+shift+f @LoadBalanced有哪些类用到了LoadBalanced有哪些类用到了， 发现LoadBalancerAutoConfiguration类，即LoadBalancer自动配置类。

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(RestTemplate.class)
@ConditionalOnBean(LoadBalancerClient.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(LoadBalancerRetryProperties.class)
public class LoadBalancerAutoConfiguration {

@LoadBalanced
    @Autowired(required = false)
    private List<RestTemplate> restTemplates = Collections.emptyList();
}
    @Bean
    public SmartInitializingSingleton loadBalancedRestTemplateInitializer(
            final List<RestTemplateCustomizer> customizers) {
        return new SmartInitializingSingleton() {
            @Override
            public void afterSingletonsInstantiated() {
                for (RestTemplate restTemplate : LoadBalancerAutoConfiguration.this.restTemplates) {
                    for (RestTemplateCustomizer customizer : customizers) {
                        customizer.customize(restTemplate);
                    }
                }
            }
        };
    }


    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnMissingClass("org.springframework.retry.support.RetryTemplate")
    static class LoadBalancerInterceptorConfig {
        @Bean
        public LoadBalancerInterceptor ribbonInterceptor(
                LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient,
                LoadBalancerRequestFactory requestFactory) {
            return new LoadBalancerInterceptor(loadBalancerClient, requestFactory);
        }

        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public RestTemplateCustomizer restTemplateCustomizer(
                final LoadBalancerInterceptor loadBalancerInterceptor) {
            return new RestTemplateCustomizer() {
                @Override
                public void customize(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
                    List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> list = new ArrayList<>(
                            restTemplate.getInterceptors());
                    list.add(loadBalancerInterceptor);
                    restTemplate.setInterceptors(list);
                }
            };
        }
    }

}

在该类中，首先维护了一个被@LoadBalanced修饰的RestTemplate对象的List，在初始化的过程中，通过调用customizer.customize(restTemplate)方法来给RestTemplate增加拦截器LoadBalancerInterceptor。

而LoadBalancerInterceptor，用于实时拦截，在LoadBalancerInterceptor这里实现来负载均衡。LoadBalancerInterceptor的拦截方法如下：

    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(final HttpRequest request, final byte[] body, final ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        URI originalUri = request.getURI();
        String serviceName = originalUri.getHost();
        Assert.state(serviceName != null, "Request URI does not contain a valid hostname: " + originalUri);
        return (ClientHttpResponse)this.loadBalancer.execute(serviceName, this.requestFactory.createRequest(request, body, execution));
    }