迪克斯托最短路径算法

迪克斯托最短路径算法的原理很简单，主要是通过多次紧缩，更新两点之间最短距离
只能是单源无环图
Python实现如下：

nodes = ('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G')
distances = {
    'B': {'A': 5, 'D': 1, 'G': 2},
    'A': {'B': 5, 'D': 3, 'E': 12, 'F' :5},
    'D': {'B': 1, 'G': 1, 'E': 1, 'A': 3},
    'G': {'B': 2, 'D': 1, 'C': 2},
    'C': {'G': 2, 'E': 1, 'F': 16},
    'E': {'A': 12, 'D': 1, 'C': 1, 'F': 2},
    'F': {'A': 5, 'E': 2, 'C': 16}}

unvisited = {node: None for node in nodes}
visited = {}
current = 'A'
currentDistance = 0
unvisited[current] = currentDistance

while True:
    for neighbour, distance in distances[current].items():
        if neighbour not in unvisited: continue
        newDistance = currentDistance + distance
        if unvisited[neighbour] is None or unvisited[neighbour] < newDistance:
            unvisited[neighbour] = newDistance
    visited[current] = currentDistance
    del unvisited[current]
    if not unvisited: break
    candidates = [node for node in unvisited.items() if node[1]]
    current, currentDistance = sorted(candidates, key = lambda x: x[1])[0]

print(visited)