iOS 本地数据持久化

本地数据持久化

1. 使用本地文件读写方式的本地数据持久化

对于通过本地文件读写方式的本地数据持久化来说, 只支持 字符串, 数组, 字典, 二进制数据(NSData)

1. 字符串的读写
   

    
   
   /字符串的写入过程(实现文件内容拼接)/ 
   
   //1. 获取源文件的路径 
   
   //1). 获取 Documents (存放永久存储的数据)文件夹路径 
   
   NSString *documentPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) firstObject]; 
   
   //2). 拼接上文件路径 
   
   NSString *filePath = [documentPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"sara.txt"]; 
   
   //2. 获取源文件的内容 
   
   NSString *oldStr = [NSString stringWithContentOfFile:filePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil]; 
   
   //3.  将原有数据与新数据拼接在一起 
   
   NSString *newStr = [oldStr stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@", self.firstTF.text]; 
   
   if (!newStr) { 
   
   newStr = self.firstTF.text; 
   
   } 
   
   //4. 将新的字符串写入文件 
   
   [newStr writeToFile:filePath automically:YES encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];//atomically 保证写入安全 
   
   /字符串的读取过程/ 
   
   NSString *text = [NSString stringWithContentsO分File:filePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil]; 
   
   //让第二个输入框显示 
   
   self.secondTF.text = text; 
   
   

2. 数组的读写
   

   //将数组写入文件 
   
   [stringArray writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];//stringPath 是一个数组 
   
   //将数组从文件中读取出来 
   
   NSArray *dataArray = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:filePath]; 
   
   self.firstTF.text = [dataArray firstObject]; 
   
   self.secondTF.text = [dataArray lastObject];

3. 字典的读写
   

   //将字典写入文件 
   
   [dic writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES]; 
   
   //将字典从文件中读取 
   
   NSDictionary *dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:filePath]; 
   
   self.firstTF.text = dic[@"tf1"]; 
   
   self.secondTF.text = dic[@"tf2"];

4. 二进制数据的读写
   

   //将二进制数据写入文件 
   
   [data writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES]; 
   
   //将二进制数据从文件中读取出来 
   
   NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentOfFile:filePath]; 
   
   

2. 使用归档与反归档方式的本地数据持久化

//Contact类服从NSCoding 协议
//当对一个对象进行归档时, 自动调用该方法, 为该对象的实例变量进行归档操作
-(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder {
    //内部要对每一个实例变量进行归档
    [aCoder encodeObject:_name forkey:@"name"];
    [aCoder encodeObject:_gender forKey:@"gender"];
    [aCoder encodeObject:@(_age) forKey:@"age"];
    [aCoder encodeObject:_phone forKey:@"phone"];
}

//当对一个对象进行反归档时触发, 自动调用该方法, 为该对象的实例变量进行反归档操作
-(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        self.name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
        self.gender = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"gender"];
        self.age = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"age"] integerValue];
        self.phone = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"phone"];
    }
    return self;
}

//一. 归档
//将自定义的联系人对象contact进行本地数据持久化
//Contact *contact = [[Contact alloc] initWithName:@"Sara Burton" Gender:@"女" Age:18 phone:@"150xxxxxxxx"];
//1. 创建归档工具对象
NSMutableData *mData = [NSMutableData data];
NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:mData];
//2. 开始归档
[archiver encodeObject:contact forKey:@"contact"];
//3. 结束归档
[archiverfinishEncoding];// 一个结束归档就可以了
[contact release];
[archiver release];
//4. data 写入文件
[mData writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];

//二. 反归档
//1. 从本地读取数据
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile: filePath];
//2. 创建反归档工具
NSkeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data];
//3. 开始反归档
Contact *contact = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"key"];
//4. 结束反归档
[unarchiver finishDecoding];
//5. 释放
[unarchiver release];