RabbitMq——4、扇形交换机发布/订阅(Publish/Subscribe)

简介

本节主要演示交换机的广播类型fanout，广播类型不需要routingKey，交换机会将所有的消息都发送到每个绑定的队列中去。

在发布消息时可以只先指定交换机的名称，交换机的声明的代码可以放到消费者端进行声明，队列的声明也放在消费者端来声明。

发布订阅类似观察者模式设计模式，一般适用于当接收到某条消息时同时做多种类似的任务的处理，如一个发短信，另一个一个发邮件；一个插入数据库，另一个保存在文件等类似操作，扇形交换机将消息传送给不同的队列，不同的队列对同一种消息采取不同的行为。

扇形交换机是最基本的交换机类型，它所能做的事情非常简单———广播消息。扇形交换机会把能接收到的消息全部发送给绑定在自己身上的队列。因为广播不需要“思考”，所以扇形交换机处理消息的速度也是所有的交换机类型里面最快的。

生产者

package com.suirui.mq.rabbit.fanout;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @Author zongx
 * @Date 2020/5/9 14:23
 * @Version 1.0
 * 扇形交换机发布
 */
public class Producer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);
        factory.setUsername("guest");
        factory.setPassword("guest");

        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange.fanout";

        //生产者不需要队列声明，也不需要声明交换机，只需要指定交换机的名称便可以。队列和交换机的声明可以放到消费者中
        //循环发布多条消息, 注意广播模式不需要routingKey, 可以写成""， 也可以随意写个名字
        //在消费者也随便写一个，生产者和消费者的routingKey的不一样看看可以不

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
           String msg = "hello rabbit" + i;
           //广播类型不需要routingkey，但是不能写null
            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME,"11232323",null,msg.getBytes("utf-8"));
        }

        channel.close();
        connection.close();

    }
}

消费者

package com.suirui.mq.rabbit.fanout;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @Author zongx
 * @Date 2020/5/9 14:30
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class Consumer1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);
        factory.setUsername("guest");
        factory.setPassword("guest");

        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.basicQos(1);

        String QUEUE_NAME = "queue.fanout.q1";
        String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange.fanout";

        //声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 声明交换机：指定交换机的名称和类型(广播：fanout)
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"fanout");

        // 在消费者端队列绑定
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "zzz");
        System.out.println("Consumer Wating Receive Message");

        //消费者消费
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body,"utf-8");
                System.out.println(" [C] Received '" + msg + "', 处理业务中...");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(500);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                // 手动应答
                channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
            }
        };

        //取消手动应答
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);

//        Thread.sleep(1000000);

    }
}

package com.suirui.mq.rabbit.fanout;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * @Author zongx
 * @Date 2020/5/9 14:30
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class Consumer2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);
        factory.setUsername("guest");
        factory.setPassword("guest");

        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.basicQos(1);

        String QUEUE_NAME = "queue.fanout.q2";
        String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange.fanout";

        //声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 声明交换机：指定交换机的名称和类型(广播：fanout)
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"fanout");

        // 在消费者端队列绑定
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "xxx");
        System.out.println("Consumer Wating Receive Message");

        //消费者消费
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body,"utf-8");
                System.out.println(" [C] Received '" + msg + "', 处理业务中...");
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(500);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                // 手动应答
                channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
            }
        };

        //取消手动应答
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);

//        Thread.sleep(1000000);

    }
}