【matplotlib】确定某个点是否在4边形内

如何确定某个点的坐标是否在某个4边形范围内的问题。

在这里使用一个非常简单的方法。matplotlib.path

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from matplotlib.path import Path
import numpy as np
import math


def cos_dist(a, b):
    if len(a) != len(b):
        return None
    part_up = 0.0
    a_sq = 0.0
    b_sq = 0.0

    for a1, b1 in zip(a, b):
        part_up += a1*b1
        a_sq += a1**2
        b_sq += b1**2
    part_down = math.sqrt(a_sq*b_sq)
    if part_down == 0.0:
        return None
    else:
        return part_up / part_down


def order_points_quadrangle(pts):
    # pts: 4x2 np.array
    # sort the points based on their x-coordinates
    xSorted = pts[np.argsort(pts[:, 0]), :]

    # grab the left-most and right-most points from the sorted
    # x-roodinate points
    leftMost = xSorted[:2, :]
    rightMost = xSorted[2:, :]

    # now, sort the left-most coordinates according to their
    # y-coordinates so we can grab the top-left and bottom-left
    # points, respectively
    leftMost = leftMost[np.argsort(leftMost[:, 1]), :]
    (tl, bl) = leftMost

    # now that we have the top-left and bottom-left coordinate, use it as an
    # base vector to calculate the angles between the other two vectors

    vector_0 = np.array(bl - tl)
    vector_1 = np.array(rightMost[0] - tl)
    vector_2 = np.array(rightMost[1] - tl)

    angle = [np.arccos(cos_dist(vector_0, vector_1)), np.arccos(cos_dist(vector_0, vector_2))]
    (br, tr) = rightMost[np.argsort(angle), :]

    # return the coordinates in top-left, top-right,
    # bottom-right, and bottom-left order
    return np.array([tl, tr, br, bl], dtype="float32")


def point_in_quadrilateral(point, quadrilateral):
    # quadrilateral: 4x2 list
    # point: 1x2 list or nx2 list
    # np.random.shuffle(quadrilateral)
    # print("shuffled coordinate:", quadrilateral)
    quadrilateral = order_points_quadrangle(np.reshape(np.array(quadrilateral), (4, 2)))  # 把坐标按照顺时针排列
    # print("sorted coordinate: \n", quadrilateral)
    p = Path(quadrilateral)
    res = p.contains_points(point)
    return res

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 设定四个点来限定一个四边形的界限
    shape = [(0, 0), (0, 1), (2, 1), (1, 0)]
    point = [(0.1, -1), (0.5, 0.5)]
    res = point_in_quadrilateral(point, shape)
    print(res)

输出：[False  True]

这里其实是用(0, 0), (0, 1), (2, 1), (1, 0)四个顶点限定了一个四边形，然后查看新点（0.1, -1）是否在这四个点所围成的矩形内。

运行上面的代码，得到的结果为：array([ True])，说明点(0.1， -1) 在这个矩形内。