LocalBroadcastManager

LocalBroadcastManager

应用内的广播，比如可以使用它进行Service与Activity的通信等。有三个优点：

        1，广播的数据不会离开你的应用程序，因此不必担心泄露隐私数据。 

        2，其他应用不可能将这些广播发送到您的应用程序，所以你不必担心有他们可以利用的安全漏洞。 

        3，它比通过系统发送一个全局广播更有效。

常用方法

        getInstance()：LocalBroadcastManager是单例的，通过它获取实例对象。

        registerReceiver()：注册一个广播接收者

        unregisterReceiver()：取消注册。

        sendBroadcast()：异步发送广播，发送完毕后就返回。

        sendBroadcastSync()：同步发送广播，等所有广播的onReceiver()执行完毕之后才返回。

示例(v4包的demo)：

public class LocalServiceBroadcaster extends Activity {
    static final String ACTION_STARTED = "com.example.android.supportv4.STARTED";
    static final String ACTION_UPDATE = "com.example.android.supportv4.UPDATE";
    static final String ACTION_STOPPED = "com.example.android.supportv4.STOPPED";

    LocalBroadcastManager mLocalBroadcastManager;
    BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //进行一系列的初始化
        setContentView(R.layout.local_service_broadcaster);
        final TextView callbackData = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.callback);
        callbackData.setText("No broadcast received yet");

        // We use this to send broadcasts within our local process.
        mLocalBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this);

        //调用registerReceiver注册广播
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction(ACTION_STARTED);
        filter.addAction(ACTION_UPDATE);
        filter.addAction(ACTION_STOPPED);
        mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                if (intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_STARTED)) {
                    callbackData.setText("STARTED");
                } else if (intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_UPDATE)) {
                    callbackData.setText("Got update: " + intent.getIntExtra("value", 0));
                } else if (intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_STOPPED)) {
                    callbackData.setText("STOPPED");
                }
            }
        };
        mLocalBroadcastManager.registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
        // 两个按钮的点击事件
        Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
        button.setOnClickListener(mStartListener);
        button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.stop);
        button.setOnClickListener(mStopListener);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        mLocalBroadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);//与普通的一样，取消注册
    }

    private OnClickListener mStartListener = new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            startService(new Intent(LocalServiceBroadcaster.this, LocalService.class));
        }
    };

    private OnClickListener mStopListener = new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            stopService(new Intent(LocalServiceBroadcaster.this, LocalService.class));
        }
    };
    //与Activity进行通信的Service
    public static class LocalService extends Service {
        LocalBroadcastManager mLocalBroadcastManager;
        int mCurUpdate;

        static final int MSG_UPDATE = 1;

        Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                switch (msg.what) {
                    case MSG_UPDATE: {//执行不断的发送UPDATE的广播
                        mCurUpdate++;
                        Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_UPDATE);
                        intent.putExtra("value", mCurUpdate);
                        mLocalBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent);
                        Message nmsg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_UPDATE);
                        mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(nmsg, 1000);
                    } break;
                    default:
                        super.handleMessage(msg);
                }
            }
        };

        @Override
        public void onCreate() {
            super.onCreate();
            mLocalBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this);
        }

        public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
            mLocalBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(new Intent(ACTION_STARTED));//改善STARTED的广播
            mHandler.removeMessages(MSG_UPDATE);
            Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_UPDATE);//改善update的广播
            mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, 1000);
            return ServiceCompat.START_STICKY;
        }

        @Override
        public void onDestroy() {
            super.onDestroy();

            mLocalBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(new Intent(ACTION_STOPPED));//发送停止的广播
            mHandler.removeMessages(MSG_UPDATE);
        }

        @Override
        public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
            return null;
        }
    }
}