Linux Chmod命令笔记

Following are the symbolic representation of three different roles:

u is for user,
g is for group,
o is for others,
a is for all.
Following are the symbolic representation of three different permissions:

r is for read permission,
w is for write permission,
x is for execute permission.
Following are few examples on how to use the symbolic representation on chmod.

Chmod change attributes from a file/folder

• chmod 666 means that all users can read and write but cannot execute
• chmod 777 allows all actions for all users
• chmod 744 allows only owner to do all actions; group and other users are allowed only to
  read

permission to:  owner      group      other     
                /¯¯¯\      /¯¯¯\      /¯¯¯\
octal:            6          6          6
binary:         1 1 0      1 1 0      1 1 0
what to permit: r w x      r w x      r w x

binary         - 1: enabled, 0: disabled

what to permit - r: read, w: write, x: execute

permission to  - owner: the user that create the file/folder
                 group: the users from group that owner is member
                 other: all other users

1. Add single permission to a file/directory

$ chmod u+x filename

2. Add multiple permission to a file/directory

$ chmod u+r,g+x filename

3. Remove permission from a file/directory

$ chmod u-rx filename

4. Change permission for all roles on a file/directory

$ chmod a+x filename

5. Make permission for a file same as another file (using reference)

$ chmod –reference=file1 file2

6. Apply the permission to all the files under a directory recursively

$ chmod -R 755 directory-name/

7. Change execute permission only on the directories (files are not affected)

$ chmod u+X *

例如，我们在Linux下面新建了一个shell脚本

$ vi test.sh

保存完之后直接运行时没有权限的

这时候我们就需要为test.sh文件增加可执行权限
chmod +x test.sh
这样就可以运行新建的shell脚本了

References:
https://www.thegeekstuff.com/2010/06/chmod-command-examples/