Flink消费Kafka报错：SplitFetcher thread 0 received unexpected exception while polling the records

报错信息如下：

org.apache.flink.runtime.JobException: Recovery is suppressed by NoRestartBackoffTimeStrategy
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.executiongraph.failover.flip1.ExecutionFailureHandler.handleFailure(ExecutionFailureHandler.java:139) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.executiongraph.failover.flip1.ExecutionFailureHandler.getFailureHandlingResult(ExecutionFailureHandler.java:83) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.scheduler.DefaultScheduler.recordTaskFailure(DefaultScheduler.java:258) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.scheduler.DefaultScheduler.handleTaskFailure(DefaultScheduler.java:249) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.scheduler.DefaultScheduler.onTaskFailed(DefaultScheduler.java:242) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.scheduler.SchedulerBase.onTaskExecutionStateUpdate(SchedulerBase.java:748) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.scheduler.SchedulerBase.updateTaskExecutionState(SchedulerBase.java:725) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.scheduler.SchedulerNG.updateTaskExecutionState(SchedulerNG.java:80) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.jobmaster.JobMaster.updateTaskExecutionState(JobMaster.java:479) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor23.invoke(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.rpc.akka.AkkaRpcActor.lambda$handleRpcInvocation$1(AkkaRpcActor.java:309) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.concurrent.akka.ClassLoadingUtils.runWithContextClassLoader(ClassLoadingUtils.java:83) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.rpc.akka.AkkaRpcActor.handleRpcInvocation(AkkaRpcActor.java:307) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.rpc.akka.AkkaRpcActor.handleRpcMessage(AkkaRpcActor.java:222) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.rpc.akka.FencedAkkaRpcActor.handleRpcMessage(FencedAkkaRpcActor.java:84) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.rpc.akka.AkkaRpcActor.handleMessage(AkkaRpcActor.java:168) ~[na:na]
	at akka.japi.pf.UnitCaseStatement.apply(CaseStatements.scala:24) ~[na:na]
	at akka.japi.pf.UnitCaseStatement.apply(CaseStatements.scala:20) ~[na:na]
	at scala.PartialFunction.applyOrElse(PartialFunction.scala:127) ~[na:na]
	at scala.PartialFunction.applyOrElse$(PartialFunction.scala:126) ~[na:na]
	at akka.japi.pf.UnitCaseStatement.applyOrElse(CaseStatements.scala:20) ~[na:na]
	at scala.PartialFunction$OrElse.applyOrElse(PartialFunction.scala:175) ~[na:na]
	at scala.PartialFunction$OrElse.applyOrElse(PartialFunction.scala:176) ~[na:na]
	at scala.PartialFunction$OrElse.applyOrElse(PartialFunction.scala:176) ~[na:na]
	at akka.actor.Actor.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:537) ~[na:na]
	at akka.actor.Actor.aroundReceive$(Actor.scala:535) ~[na:na]
	at akka.actor.AbstractActor.aroundReceive(AbstractActor.scala:220) ~[na:na]
	at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage$$$capture(ActorCell.scala:579) ~[na:na]
	at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala) ~[na:na]
	at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:547) ~[na:na]
	at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:270) ~[na:na]
	at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:231) ~[na:na]
	at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:243) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec$$$capture(ForkJoinTask.java:290) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.topLevelExec(ForkJoinPool.java:1020) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.scan(ForkJoinPool.java:1656) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1594) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:183) ~[na:na]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: One or more fetchers have encountered exception
	at org.apache.flink.connector.base.source.reader.fetcher.SplitFetcherManager.checkErrors(SplitFetcherManager.java:261) ~[flink-connector-base-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.connector.base.source.reader.SourceReaderBase.getNextFetch(SourceReaderBase.java:169) ~[flink-connector-base-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.connector.base.source.reader.SourceReaderBase.pollNext(SourceReaderBase.java:131) ~[flink-connector-base-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.SourceOperator.emitNext(SourceOperator.java:417) ~[flink-streaming-java-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.io.StreamTaskSourceInput.emitNext(StreamTaskSourceInput.java:68) ~[flink-streaming-java-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.io.StreamOneInputProcessor.processInput(StreamOneInputProcessor.java:65) ~[flink-streaming-java-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.StreamTask.processInput(StreamTask.java:550) ~[flink-streaming-java-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.mailbox.MailboxProcessor.runMailboxLoop(MailboxProcessor.java:231) ~[flink-streaming-java-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.StreamTask.runMailboxLoop(StreamTask.java:839) ~[flink-streaming-java-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.StreamTask.invoke(StreamTask.java:788) ~[flink-streaming-java-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.taskmanager.Task.runWithSystemExitMonitoring(Task.java:952) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.taskmanager.Task.restoreAndInvoke(Task.java:931) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.taskmanager.Task.doRun(Task.java:745) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.runtime.taskmanager.Task.run(Task.java:562) ~[flink-runtime-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834) ~[na:na]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: SplitFetcher thread 0 received unexpected exception while polling the records
	at org.apache.flink.connector.base.source.reader.fetcher.SplitFetcher.runOnce(SplitFetcher.java:165) ~[flink-connector-base-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at org.apache.flink.connector.base.source.reader.fetcher.SplitFetcher.run(SplitFetcher.java:114) ~[flink-connector-base-1.17.1.jar:1.17.1]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:515) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run$$$capture(FutureTask.java:264) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128) ~[na:na]
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628) ~[na:na]
	... 1 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.kafka.common.errors.TimeoutException: Timeout of 60000ms expired before the position for partition device_meter_data-0 could be determined

上面的信息是在flink中展示报错信息。
查看Kafka服务端，又发现如下错误信息

Error processing create topic request CreatableTopic(name='__consumer_offsets', numPartitions=50, replicationFactor=3, assignments=[], configs=[CreateableTopicConfig(name='compression.type', value='producer'), CreateableTopicConfig(name='cleanup.policy', value='compact'), CreateableTopicConfig(name='segment.bytes', value='104857600')]) (kafka.server.ZkAdminManager)
org.apache.kafka.common.errors.InvalidReplicationFactorException: Replication factor: 3 larger than available brokers: 1.

解决方案：

面对 InvalidReplicationFactorException 异常，其核心问题是尝试设定的复制因子（replication factor）超出了 Kafka 集群中可用的 broker 数量。针对您提供的错误信息，解决方案在于调整复制因子以适应现有的 broker 数量。

解决方案步骤

核查 Kafka 集群的 Broker 数量：
确保您清楚集群中活跃的 broker 数量。若集群仅包含一个 broker，复制因子必须设为 1。
修改复制因子设置：
根据集群的 broker 数量，调整主题的复制因子。若 broker 数量为 1，则应将复制因子设为 1。
重新创建主题：
使用修改后的复制因子设置，重新尝试创建主题。