JdbcTemplate的使用

下面介绍用spring中的JdbcTemplate操作数据库

一

以mysql为例，employee表信息如下

1、首先创建employee表对应的实体bean

package com.lzj.spring.jdbc;
public class Employee {
    //注意：定义的变量名字一定要与数据库中的变量一致
    private Integer id;
    private String last_Name;
    private String email;
    private Integer dept_id;
    /*省略get、set方法和toString方法*/
}

2、创建数据库的配置文件db.properties

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=lzjlzj
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///lzj_database

jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

3、定义spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lzj.spring.jdbc"></context:component-scan>

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
        <!-- 为什么不能加此句话
            <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initialPoolSize}"></property>
         -->
    </bean>

    <bean id="jdbcTemplate"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>

    </bean>

</beans>

4、创建测试方法

package com.lzj.spring.jdbc;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

public class JDBCTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx;
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    {
        ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) ctx.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
    }

    /*
     * 查询单个列的值
     */
    @Test
    public void testQueryForObject2(){
        String sql = "SELECT count(id) FROM employee";
        long count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Long.class);
        System.out.println(count);
    }

    //查询实体类的集合
    @Test
    public void testQueryForList(){
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM employee WHERE id > ?";
        RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Employee.class);
        List<Employee> employees = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, rowMapper, 3);
        System.out.println(employees);

    }

    //从数据库中获取一条记录
    @Test
    public void testQueryObject(){
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM employee WHERE id = ?";
        RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Employee.class);
        Employee employee = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, 5);
        System.out.println(employee);
    }

    //执行批量更新：批量update、insert、delete
    @Test
    public void testBatchUpdate(){
        String sql = "INSERT INTO employee(last_name, email, dept_id) VALUE(?,?,?)";
        List<Object[]> batchArgs = new ArrayList<>();
        batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"AA", "AA@123.com", 3});
        batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"BB", "AA@123.com", 4});
        batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"CC", "AA@123.com", 5});
        batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"DD", "AA@123.com", 5});
        batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"EE", "AA@123.com", 5});

        jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, batchArgs);
    }

    //测试update、insert、delete
    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        String sql = "UPDATE employee SET last_name = ? WHERE id = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, "wanger", 1);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDataSource() throws SQLException {
        DataSource dataSource = (DataSource) ctx.getBean("dataSource");
        System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
    }
}

二

开发时写法，在DAO层操作EmployeeDao来操作数据库

@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public Employee get(Integer id){
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM employee WHERE id = ?";
        RowMapper<Employee> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Employee.class);
        Employee employee = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, 5);
        return employee;
    }
}

在应用层调用DAO层即可

public class JDBCTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx;
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
    {
        ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) ctx.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
        employeeDao = ctx.getBean(EmployeeDao.class);
    }

    /*
     * 开发状态下测试是否获取数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testEmployeeDao(){
        System.out.println(employeeDao.get(3));
    }
}