Django系列13-员工管理系统实战--管理员

一. 管理员管理:表结构设计

根据表结构的需求，在models.py中创建类（由类生成数据库中的表）。

class Admin(models.Model):
    """ 管理员 """
    username = models.CharField(verbose_name="用户名", max_length=32)
    password = models.CharField(verbose_name="密码", max_length=64)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

Django命令生成库表

python manage.py makemigrations 
python manage.py migrate

二. URL调整

新增对应的 增删改查对应的URL，如下图:

对比其它的页面，多了一个reset重置密码的url

    # 管理员的管理
    path('admin/list/', admin.admin_list),
    path('admin/add/', admin.admin_add),
    path('admin/<int:nid>/edit/', admin.admin_edit),
    path('admin/<int:nid>/delete/', admin.admin_delete),
    path('admin/<int:nid>/reset/', admin.admin_reset),

三. 后端功能实现

3.1 加密公共类实现

因为密码比较敏感，页面显示以及存入数据库的时候，都需要做处理，存入数据库需要进行md5加密。

encrypt.py

from django.conf import settings
import hashlib


def md5(data_string):
    obj = hashlib.md5(settings.SECRET_KEY.encode('utf-8'))
    obj.update(data_string.encode('utf-8'))
    return obj.hexdigest()

3.1 增删改查逻辑实现

admin.py

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect

from app01 import models
from app01.utils.pagination import Pagination

from django import forms
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from app01.utils.bootstrap import BootStrapModelForm
from app01.utils.encrypt import md5


class AdminModelForm(BootStrapModelForm):
    confirm_password = forms.CharField(
        label="确认密码",
        widget=forms.PasswordInput(render_value=True)
    )

    class Meta:
        model = models.Admin
        fields = ["username", 'password', "confirm_password"]
        widgets = {
            "password": forms.PasswordInput(render_value=True)
        }

    def clean_password(self):
        pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("password")
        return md5(pwd)

    def clean_confirm_password(self):
        pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("password")
        confirm = md5(self.cleaned_data.get("confirm_password"))
        if confirm != pwd:
            raise ValidationError("密码不一致")
        # 返回什么，此字段以后保存到数据库就是什么。
        return confirm


class AdminEditModelForm(BootStrapModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Admin
        fields = ['username']


class AdminResetModelForm(BootStrapModelForm):
    confirm_password = forms.CharField(
        label="确认密码",
        widget=forms.PasswordInput(render_value=True)
    )

    class Meta:
        model = models.Admin
        fields = ['password', 'confirm_password']
        widgets = {
            "password": forms.PasswordInput(render_value=True)
        }

    def clean_password(self):
        pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("password")
        md5_pwd = md5(pwd)

        # 去数据库校验当前密码和新输入的密码是否一致
        exists = models.Admin.objects.filter(id=self.instance.pk, password=md5_pwd).exists()
        if exists:
            raise ValidationError("不能与以前的密码相同")

        return md5_pwd

    def clean_confirm_password(self):
        pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("password")
        confirm = md5(self.cleaned_data.get("confirm_password"))
        if confirm != pwd:
            raise ValidationError("密码不一致")
        # 返回什么，此字段以后保存到数据库就是什么。
        return confirm


def admin_list(request):
    """ 管理员列表 """

    # info_dict = request.session["info"]
    # print(info_dict["id"])
    # print(info_dict['name'])

    # 构造搜索
    data_dict = {}
    search_data = request.GET.get('q', "")
    if search_data:
        data_dict["username__contains"] = search_data

    # 根据搜索条件去数据库获取
    queryset = models.Admin.objects.filter(**data_dict)

    # 分页
    page_object = Pagination(request, queryset)
    context = {
        'queryset': page_object.page_queryset,
        'page_string': page_object.html(),
        "search_data": search_data
    }
    return render(request, 'admin_list.html', context)


def admin_add(request):
    """ 添加管理员 """
    title = "新建管理员"
    if request.method == "GET":
        form = AdminModelForm()
        return render(request, 'change.html', {'form': form, "title": title})
    form = AdminModelForm(data=request.POST)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        return redirect('/admin/list/')

    return render(request, 'change.html', {'form': form, "title": title})


def admin_edit(request, nid):
    """ 编辑管理员 """
    # 对象 / None
    row_object = models.Admin.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
    if not row_object:
        # return render(request, 'error.html', {"msg": "数据不存在"})
        return redirect('/admin/list/')

    title = "编辑管理员"
    if request.method == "GET":
        form = AdminEditModelForm(instance=row_object)
        return render(request, 'change.html', {"form": form, "title": title})

    form = AdminEditModelForm(data=request.POST, instance=row_object)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        return redirect('/admin/list/')
    return render(request, 'change.html', {"form": form, "title": title})


def admin_delete(request, nid):
    """ 删除管理员 """
    models.Admin.objects.filter(id=nid).delete()
    return redirect('/admin/list/')


def admin_reset(request, nid):
    """ 重置密码 """
    # 对象 / None
    row_object = models.Admin.objects.filter(id=nid).first()
    if not row_object:
        return redirect('/admin/list/')

    title = "重置密码 - {}".format(row_object.username)

    if request.method == "GET":
        form = AdminResetModelForm()
        return render(request, 'change.html', {"form": form, "title": title})

    form = AdminResetModelForm(data=request.POST, instance=row_object)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        return redirect('/admin/list/')
    return render(request, 'change.html', {"form": form, "title": title})

四. 前端页面

4.1 模板页面

layout.html

4.2 管理员列表页面

admin_list.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}

{% block content %}
    <div class="container">
        <div style="margin-bottom: 10px" class="clearfix">
            <a class="btn btn-success" href="/admin/add/">
                <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus-sign" aria-hidden="true"></span>
                新建管理员
            </a>

            <div style="float: right;width: 300px;">
                <form method="get">
                    <div class="input-group">
                        <input type="text" name="q" class="form-control" placeholder="关键字"
                               value="{{ search_data }}">
                        <span class="input-group-btn">
                        <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">
                            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search" aria-hidden="true"></span>
                        </button>
                      </span>
                    </div>
                </form>
            </div>

        </div>
        <div class="panel panel-default">
            <!-- Default panel contents -->
            <div class="panel-heading">
                <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-th-list" aria-hidden="true"></span>
                管理员列表
            </div>

            <!-- Table -->
            <table class="table table-bordered">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>ID</th>
                    <th>用户名</th>
                    <th>密码</th>
                    <th>重置密码</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                {% for obj in queryset %}
                    <tr>
                        <th>{{ obj.id }}</th>
                        <td>{{ obj.username }}</td>
                        <td>*******</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/admin/{{ obj.id }}/reset/">重置密码</a>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a class="btn btn-primary btn-xs" href="/admin/{{ obj.id }}/edit/">编辑</a>
                            <a class="btn btn-danger btn-xs" href="/admin/{{ obj.id }}/delete/">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                {% endfor %}

                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>

        <ul class="pagination">
            {{ page_string }}
        </ul>
    </div>
{% endblock %}

4.3 管理员数据修改页面

管理员页面涉及 新增、修改、重置密码
我们此时可以使用同一个页面，针对性的隐藏部分即可

change.html

{% extends 'layout.html' %}


{% block content %}

    <div class="container">
        <div class="panel panel-default">
            <div class="panel-heading">
                <h3 class="panel-title"> {{ title }} </h3>
            </div>
            <div class="panel-body">
                <form method="post" novalidate>
                    {% csrf_token %}

                    {% for field in form %}
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label>{{ field.label }}</label>
                            {{ field }}
                            <span style="color: red;">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
                        </div>
                    {% endfor %}

                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提 交</button>
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

{% endblock %}

五. 页面测试

管理员列表页面:

新增管理员页面:

编辑页面:

重置密码页面:

参考:

1. https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1NL41157ph