【Android基础知识】WebView基本用法

Android WebView用来加载网页，显示网页内容。

1.在布局文件中添加WebView组件

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.webviewdemo.MainActivity" >

    <WebView
        android:id="@+id/webView1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true" />
</RelativeLayout>

2.在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加访问互联网的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

3.使用WebView

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private String uri = "http://www.baidu.com";
	private WebView webView;
	private ProgressDialog progressDialog;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
      /*  //通过intent跳转
        Uri mUri = Uri.parse(uri);
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,mUri);
        startActivity(intent);*/
        init();
    }
    private void init(){
    	webView = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.webView1);
    	/*//webView加载本地资源
    	webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/t.html");*/
    	//webView加载外部资源
    	webView.loadUrl(uri);
    	//覆盖WebView默认通过第三方或者是浏览器打开网页的行为，使得网页可以在WebView中打开,需要internet权限
    	webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient(){

			@Override
			public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
				//返回值是true的时候控制网页在WebView中去打开，false则是在第三方打开
				view.loadUrl(url);
				return true;
//				return super.shouldOverrideUrlLoading(view, url);
			}
    		
    	});
    	//启用支持JavaScript
    	WebSettings settings = webView.getSettings();
    	settings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
    	//WebView 加载页面优先使用缓存加载
    	settings.setCacheMode(WebSettings.LOAD_CACHE_ELSE_NETWORK);
    	//判断页面的加载过程，进度
    	webView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){

			@Override
			public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {
				//newProgress 1-100之间的整数
				if(newProgress == 100){
					//网页加载完毕
					closeDialog();
				}else{
					//网页正在加载，打开ProgressDialog
					openDialog(newProgress);
				}
			}
    		private void closeDialog(){
    			if(progressDialog != null && progressDialog.isShowing()){
    				progressDialog.dismiss();
    				progressDialog = null;
    			}
    		}
    		private void openDialog(int progress){
    			if(progressDialog == null){
    				progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
    				progressDialog.setTitle("正在加载");
    				progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
    				progressDialog.setProgress(progress);
    				progressDialog.show();
    			}else{
    				progressDialog.setProgress(progress);
    				progressDialog.show();
    			}
    		}
    	});
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
    	if(keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK){
    		Toast.makeText(this, "back", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    		if(webView.canGoBack()){
    			webView.goBack();
    			return true;
    		}else{
    			System.exit(0);
    		}
    	}
    	return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
    }
}