光流Optical Flow介绍与OpenCV实现

About This Book, Get to grips with the basics of Computer Vision and image processingThis is a step-by-step guide to developing several real-world Computer Vision projects using OpenCV 3This book takes a special focus on working with Tesseract OCR, a free, open-source library to recognize text in images, Who This Book Is For, If you are a software developer with a basic understanding of Computer Vision and image processing and want to develop interesting Computer Vision applications with Open CV, this is the book for you. Knowledge of C++ is required., What You Will Learn, Install OpenCV 3 on your operating systemCreate the required CMake scripts to compile the C++ application and manage its dependenciesGet to grips with the Computer Vision workflows and understand the basic image matrix format and filtersUnderstand the segmentation and feature extraction techniquesRemove backgrounds from a static scene to identify moving objects for video surveillanceTrack different objects in a live video using various techniquesUse the new OpenCV functions for text detection and recognition with Tesseract, In Detail, Open CV is a cross-platform, free-for-use library that is primarily used for real-time Computer Vision and image processing. It is considered to be one of the best open source libraries that helps developers focus on constructing complete projects on image processing, motion detection, and image segmentation., Whether you are completely new to the concept of Computer Vision or have a basic understanding of it, this book will be your guide to understanding the basic OpenCV concepts and algorithms through amazing real-world examples and projects., Starting from the installation of OpenCV on your system and understanding the basics of image processing, we swiftly move on to creating optical flow video analysis or text recognition in complex scenes, and will take you through the commonly used Computer Vision techniques to build your own Open CV projects from scratch., By the end of this book, you will be familiar with the basics of Open CV such as matrix operations, filters, and histograms, as well as more advanced concepts such as segmentation, machine learning, complex video analysis, and text recognition.
Lucas-Kanade光流算法是一种基于局部区域的光流算法,它假设图像中任意两帧之间的像素值变化是平滑的,然后使用局部区域内的像素值变化来估计每个像素的运动向量。在本文中,我们将介绍如何在OpenCV中自实现Lucas-Kanade光流算法。 步骤一:读取图像 首先,我们需要读取两张待计算光流的图像。在本例中,我们将使用名为“frame1”和“frame2”的两张图像。 Mat frame1 = imread("frame1.jpg"); Mat frame2 = imread("frame2.jpg"); 步骤二:提取关键点 接下来,我们需要从两个图像中提取关键点。我们可以使用OpenCV中的FAST或SIFT等算法来提取关键点。在本例中,我们将使用FAST算法。 vector<KeyPoint> keypoints1, keypoints2; int threshold = 20; // 设置FAST算法的阈值 bool nonmaxSuppression = true; // 设置是否进行非极大值抑制 FAST(frame1, keypoints1, threshold, nonmaxSuppression); FAST(frame2, keypoints2, threshold, nonmaxSuppression); 步骤三:计算光流 现在我们已经提取了关键点,接下来我们需要计算这些关键点的光流向量。我们可以使用OpenCV中的calcOpticalFlowPyrLK函数来计算光流向量。该函数使用金字塔表示法和Lucas-Kanade算法来计算光流向量。 vector<uchar> status; vector<float> err; Size winSize = Size(21, 21); // 设置光流计算窗口的大小 int maxLevel = 3; // 设置金字塔的最大层数 TermCriteria criteria = TermCriteria(TermCriteria::COUNT+TermCriteria::EPS, 30, 0.01); // 设置终止条件 calcOpticalFlowPyrLK(frame1, frame2, keypoints1, keypoints2, status, err, winSize, maxLevel, criteria); 步骤四:绘制光流 最后,我们可以将光流向量绘制在第一张图像上,以便我们可以观察到光流的效果。 for (int i = 0; i < keypoints1.size(); i++) { if (status[i]) { Point2f p1 = keypoints1[i].pt; Point2f p2 = keypoints2[i].pt; line(frame1, p1, p2, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2); } } imshow("Optical Flow", frame1); 完整代码:
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