android多进程通信的几种方式一

一．概述

　　说起android中多进程通信，大家首先想到的是aidl，今天我们就来复习一下aidl在多进程之间的通信，根据官方文档，aidl全拼是Android Interface Definition Language，安卓接口定制语言．作用就是在安卓设备中多个进程之间传输数据，说白了就是一个进程调用另外一个进程获取信息的方式．

           

二．实例

    第一步：新建两个model，clientProject和serverProject，然后创建一个javaBean(用来多进程通信)

package com.test.client.bean;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;


public class Student implements Parcelable {

    public int studentId;
    public String name;

    public Student(int studentId, String name) {
        this.studentId = studentId;
        this.name = name;
    }


    protected Student(Parcel in) {
        studentId = in.readInt();
        name = in.readString();
    }

    public static final Creator<Student> CREATOR = new Creator<Student>() {
        @Override
        public Student createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
            return new Student(in);
        }

        @Override
        public Student[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Student[size];
        }
    };

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeInt(studentId);
        dest.writeString(name);
    }
}

第二步,我们新建aidl文件，请注意包名(跟上边的Student的包名一样)，有的人可能认为新建aidl的时候命名不能为Student，解决办法就是先随便写一个类名，然后在修改为Student即可

// IStudentAidlInterface.aidl
package com.test.client.bean;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

parcelable Student;

第三步,再新建一个aidl文件，IStudentAidlInterface这个接口有什么用呢？(请看下面)

// IStudentAidlInterface.aidl
package com.test.client.bean;

import com.test.client.bean.Student;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IStudentAidlInterface {

    Student getStudent();

}

第四步，写我们的clientproject中的activity，注意下面的service名称是根据serverproject中的server名称来的

package com.test.client;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.test.client.bean.IStudentAidlInterface;
import com.test.client.bean.Student;


public class AIDLActivity extends Activity {

    private Button btn_get_data;
    private IStudentAidlInterface mIStudentAidlInterface;
    private TextView tv_content;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_aidl);
        //绑定进程通信的服务
        Intent mIntent = new Intent("com.test.server.service.StudentService");
        bindService(mIntent, mconn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

        tv_content = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_content);
        btn_get_data = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_get_data);
        btn_get_data.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (mIStudentAidlInterface != null) {
                    try {
                        Student mStudent = mIStudentAidlInterface.getStudent();
                        tv_content.setText("获取到服务进程的数据是：" + mStudent.studentId + "-------" + mStudent.name);
                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    }


    private ServiceConnection mconn = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            mIStudentAidlInterface = IStudentAidlInterface.Stub.asInterface(service);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            mIStudentAidlInterface = null;
        }
    };

}

至此我们clientproject已经编码完毕，下面编写serverproject

第一步，把clientproject中的aidl文件复制一份到serverproject项目中，并且把Student对象也复制一份到serverproject中包括包名
第二步，编写StudentService

package com.test.server.service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;

import com.test.client.bean.IStudentAidlInterface;
import com.test.client.bean.Student;

public class StudentService extends Service {

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mIBinder;
    }

    IStudentAidlInterface.Stub mIBinder = new IStudentAidlInterface.Stub() {
        @Override
        public Student getStudent() throws RemoteException {
            return new Student(1, "名字是：哈哈哈");
        }
    };

}

最后一定要记得在androidmanifests.xml文件中注册

<service android:name=".service.StudentService">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.test.server.service.StudentService" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

这样就大功搞成了，运行serverproject和clientproject你就能看到效果了
附上demo下载链接   http://download.csdn.net/detail/u010648159/9625027