servlet请求request实现网页的登录功能

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-15 18:12:18 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-15 18:12:18 发布

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分类专栏： servlet 文章标签： servlet

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一个简单的网页实现登录功能

1.导入jar包在web目录下的WEB-INF中的lib文件夹下，并将其添加到library中（右键add as library）
在这里插入图片描述
其中commons-beanutils用于封装map对象到实体类中的
commons-logging用于数据库连接日志
druid用于druid数据库连接池技术（本案例使用druid连接池技术）
mchange-commons用于c3p0数据库连接池技术
mysql-connector用于mysql连接依赖
spring框架中的template用来简化jdbc代码

2.编写login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <!--注意这里的action填写的是项目虚拟目录+Servlet资源路径 -->  
    <form action="/aaa/loginServlet" method="post"> 
        用户名:<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
        密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>

        <input type="submit" value="登录">

    </form>
</body>
</html>

web目录部署结束

3.部署mysql数据库
首先在sqlyog编写sql语句，使用名为test的数据库

CREATE TABLE USER (
   id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
   username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
   PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
);
SELECT *FROM USER;

然后添加一个用户并赋值uesrname和password并保存

其次回到项目中的src目录下创建一个项目包（com.company）并在项目包下新建一个domain的包在包内编写数据库列的实体类

package com.company.domain;

/**
 * 用户的实体类
 */
public class User {

    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;


    //定义好变量后就可以直接生成getter和setter 还有toString方法
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

其次在项目包下新建util包并编写jdbc工具类 JDBCUtils

package com.company.util;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * JDBC工具类 使用Durid连接池
 */
public class JDBCUtils {

    private static DataSource ds ;

    static {

        try {
            //1.加载配置文件
            Properties pro = new Properties();
            //使用ClassLoader加载配置文件，获取字节输入流
            InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
            pro.load(is);

            //2.初始化连接池对象
            ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取连接池对象
     */
    public static DataSource getDataSource(){
        return ds;
    }


    /**
     * 获取连接Connection对象
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return  ds.getConnection();
    }
}

然后在项目包下建立dao包编写数据库的代码

package com.company.dao;

import com.company.domain.User;
import com.company.util.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

/**
 * 操作数据库中User表的类
 */
public class UserDao {

    //声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
    private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());

    /**
     * 登录方法
     * @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
     * @return user包含用户全部数据,没有查询到，返回null
     */
    public User login(User loginUser){
        try {
            //1.编写sql
            String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
            //2.调用query方法
            User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
                    new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
                    loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());


            return user;
        } catch (DataAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
            return null;
        }
    }
}

在项目包内添加配置文件 druid.properties 根据自己mysql参数配置

diverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8
username=root
password=123456
#初始化连接数
initialSize=5
#最大同时连接数量
maxActive=10
#最大等待时间
maxWait=3000

以上数据库服务部署完毕

4.部署servlet服务

在项目包下建立web包在web包下建立 servlet包在servlet包中编写实现登录的servlet代码

package com.company.web.servlet;

import com.company.dao.UserDao;
import com.company.domain.User;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.Map;


@WebServlet("/loginServlet")   //设置虚拟路径
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.设置编码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        //2.获取所有请求参数
        Map<String, String[]> map = req.getParameterMap();
        //3.创建User对象
        User loginUser = new User();
        //3.2使用BeanUtils封装
        try {
            BeanUtils.populate(loginUser,map);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


        //4.调用UserDao的login方法 查找数据库中是否有用户输入的结果
        UserDao dao = new UserDao();
        User user = dao.login(loginUser);

        //5.判断user
        if(user == null){
            //登录失败 转发失败的servlet
            req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
        }else{
            //登录成功
            //存储数据
            req.setAttribute("user",user);
            //转发成功的servlet
            req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

主要请求编写完毕后编写成功以及失败的servlet
失败servlet

package com.company.web.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/failServlet") //设置虚拟路径
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //给页面写一句话

        //设置编码
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //输出
        response.getWriter().write("登录失败，用户名或密码错误");

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

成功servlet

package com.company.web.servlet;

import com.company.domain.User;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取request域中共享的user对象
        User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");

        if(user != null){
            //给页面写一句话

            //设置编码
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            //输出
            response.getWriter().write("登录成功！"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎您");
        }


    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}