dpkg罗列软件包标示的意义

Description of each field

As you can see from the first three lines:

First letter -> desired package state ("selection state"):

• u ... unknown
• i ... install
• r ... remove/deinstall
• p ... purge (remove including config files)
• h ... hold

Second letter -> current package state:

• n ... not-installed
• i ... installed
• c ... config-files (only the config files are installed)
• u ... unpacked
• f ... half-configured (configuration failed for some reason)
• h ... half-installed (installation failed for some reason)
• w ... triggers-awaited (package is waiting for a trigger from another package)
• t ... triggers-pending (package has been triggered)

Third letter -> error state (you normally shouldn't see a thrid letter):

• r ... reinst-required (package broken, reinstallation required)