centos7 AWS EC2 实例磁盘ebs卷在线扩容

假设我的EBS卷刚开始使用的时候为100GB，而且未格式化！！

[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b956b

        Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/nvme0n1p1   *        2048   209715166   104856559+  83  Linux
#这个是EBS卷 100GB的
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
#/dev/nvme1n1卷100GB
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
nvme0n1     259:0    0  100G  0 disk 
└─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0  100G  0 part /
nvme1n1     259:2    0  100G  0 disk 
#新添加EBS卷未格式的，显示data
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]# file -s /dev/nvme1n1 
/dev/nvme1n1: data
#nvme0n1是根目录的卷，已经格式化是这样的
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]# file -s /dev/nvme0n1
/dev/nvme0n1: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, active, starthead 0, startsector 2048, 209713119 sectors, code offset 0x63
#创建/data目录
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]#  mkdir /data
#安装xfsprogs
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]#yum install xfsprogs -y
#格式化新EBS卷
root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]# mkfs -t xfs /dev/nvme1n1 
meta-data=/dev/nvme1n1           isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=6553600 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=26214400, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=12800, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]# mount /dev/nvme1n1  /data/
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/nvme0n1p1  100G  955M  100G   1% /
devtmpfs        3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           3.7G   17M  3.7G   1% /run
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           747M     0  747M   0% /run/user/1000
tmpfs           747M     0  747M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/nvme1n1    100G   33M  100G   1% /data

下面开始进行对卷扩容，把100GB扩展为200GB容量

image.png

然后过几分钟，看到已经为200GB容量，但是还需要扩展的系统分区

[root@ip-172-31-43-57 /]# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
nvme0n1     259:0    0  100G  0 disk 
└─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0  100G  0 part /
nvme1n1     259:2    0  200G  0 disk /data

确认数据盘的类型类型为xfs

[root@ip-172-31-43-57 /]#  blkid
/dev/nvme0n1p1: UUID="f41e390f-835b-4223-a9bb-9b4xxxxx8d" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/nvme0n1: PTTYPE="dos" 
/dev/nvme1n1: UUID="219eb6ff-97a6-4f79-87b8-exxxxx6c01c" TYPE="xfs"

注意：我这儿是xfs类型···，ext4需要参考其他文档了

说了那么多废话，其实就是一台命令进行扩容而已········

#语法  xfs_growfs -d  挂载点
[root@ip-172-31-43-57 /]# xfs_growfs -d /data
meta-data=/dev/nvme1n1           isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=6553600 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=26214400, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=12800, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 26214400 to 52428800

扩容成功！！！

[root@ip-172-31-43-57 /]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/nvme0n1p1  100G  956M  100G   1% /
devtmpfs        3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           3.7G   17M  3.7G   1% /run
tmpfs           3.7G     0  3.7G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           747M     0  747M   0% /run/user/1000
tmpfs           747M     0  747M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/nvme1n1    200G   33M  200G   1% /data

添加开机自动挂载

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig
sudo blkid
sudo vim /etc/fstab
#添加这行
UUID=aebf131c-6957-451e-8d34-ec978d9581ae  /data  xfs  defaults,nofail  0  2

附加

如果上面无法扩容，可能你还需要操作多一个步骤再执行上面的命令extend-linux-file-system

最后整理了一下，优化了整个流程首先是扩展分区(如果有必要的话)，再扩展文件系统 (注意这里的xfs文件系统)

[root@ip-127.0.0.1 ~]# lsblk
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda    202:0    0  30G  0 disk 
└─xvda1 202:1    0   8G  0 part /

#扩展分区
#请注意，设备名称和分区编号之间有空格。
[root@ip-127.0.0.1 ~]# growpart /dev/xvda 1
CHANGED: partition=1 start=4096 old: size=16773087 end=16777183 new: size=62910431,end=62914527


[root@ip-127.0.0.1 ~]# lsblk 
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda    202:0    0  30G  0 disk 
└─xvda1 202:1    0  30G  0 part /

#扩展文件系统
[root@ip-127.0.0.1 ~]# xfs_growfs -d /
meta-data=/dev/xvda1             isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=524159 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2096635, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@ip-127.0.0.1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        979M     0  979M   0% /dev
tmpfs           996M     0  996M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           996M  672K  996M   1% /run
tmpfs           996M     0  996M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/xvda1       30G  5.6G   25G  19% /