使用MFMailComposeViewController在iOS应用内编辑邮件使用方法及常见问题

Tips:

       在APP中发送邮件,是一个很普遍的应用场景,譬如对于APP的用户反馈,就可以通过在APP中直接编辑邮件或者打开iOS自带的Mail来实现邮件反馈。下面先回顾一下在APP中使用邮件的两种方式,然后再和大家分享一个项目中遇到的问题。

       iOS系统框架提供的两种发送Email的方法:openURL 和 MFMailComposeViewController:

Type 1:openURL

       openURL调用系统Mail客户端 是我们在iOS3之前实现发邮件功能的主要方法。效果是,从A应用切换到Mail,实际是在Mail中编辑发送邮件,这种方法是很不友好的。

       下面是详细代码:

-(void)launchMailApp     
{       
    NSMutableString *mailUrl = [[[NSMutableString alloc]init]autorelease];     
    //添加收件人     
    NSArray *toRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject: @"first@example.com"];     
    [mailUrl appendFormat:@"mailto:%@", [toRecipients componentsJoinedByString:@","]];     
    //添加抄送     
    NSArray *ccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"second@example.com", @"third@example.com", nil];       
    [mailUrl appendFormat:@"?cc=%@", [ccRecipients componentsJoinedByString:@","]];     
    //添加密送     
    NSArray *bccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"fourth@example.com", nil];       
    [mailUrl appendFormat:@"&bcc=%@", [bccRecipients componentsJoinedByString:@","]];     
    //添加主题     
    [mailUrl appendString:@"&subject=my email"];     
    //添加邮件内容     
    [mailUrl appendString:@"&body=<b>email</b> body!"];     
    NSString* email = [mailUrl stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];       
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: [NSURL URLWithString:email]];       
}   

Type 2:MFMailComposeViewController

       MFMailComposeViewController是iOS3之后新增的,源于MessageUI.framework。显而易见,我们通过MFMailComposeViewController这个控制器,可以在我们自己的APP中展现一个邮件编辑页面,这样发送邮件就不需要离开当前的APP了。前提是设备中的Mail要添加了账户,或者iCloud设置了邮件账户。所以需要MFMailComposeViewController提供的canSendMail判断是否已绑定账户。

       MFMailComposeViewController使用前的准备:

       1、项目中引入MessageUI.framework

       2、导入MFMailComposeViewController.h

       3、遵循MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate,并实现代理方法来处理发送

       下面是详细代码:

- (void)displayMailPicker     
{     
    MFMailComposeViewController *mailPicker = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];       
    mailPicker.mailComposeDelegate = self;       

    //设置主题       
    [mailPicker setSubject: @"eMail主题"];       
    //添加收件人     
    NSArray *toRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject: @"first@example.com"];     
    [mailPicker setToRecipients: toRecipients];       
    //添加抄送     
    NSArray *ccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"second@example.com", @"third@example.com", nil];       
    [mailPicker setCcRecipients:ccRecipients];           
    //添加密送     
    NSArray *bccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"fourth@example.com", nil];       
    [mailPicker setBccRecipients:bccRecipients];       

    // 添加一张图片       
    UIImage *addPic = [UIImage imageNamed: @"Icon@2x.png"];       
    NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(addPic);            // png          
    //关于mimeType:http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/index.html     
    [mailPicker addAttachmentData: imageData mimeType: @"" fileName: @"Icon.png"];       

    //添加一个pdf附件     
    NSString *file = [self fullBundlePathFromRelativePath:@"abc.pdf"];     
    NSData *pdf = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:file];     
    [mailPicker addAttachmentData: pdf mimeType: @"" fileName: @"abc.pdf"];       

    NSString *emailBody = @"<font color='red'>eMail</font> 正文";       
    [mailPicker setMessageBody:emailBody isHTML:YES];       
    [self presentModalViewController: mailPicker animated:YES];       
}     

#pragma mark - 实现 MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate      
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController *)controller didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(NSError *)error     
{     
    //关闭邮件发送窗口     
    [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];     
    NSString *msg;       
    switch (result) {     // result是枚举类型  
        case MFMailComposeResultCancelled:       
            msg = @"用户取消编辑邮件";       
            break;       
        case MFMailComposeResultSaved:       
            msg = @"用户成功保存邮件";       
            break;       
        case MFMailComposeResultSent:       
            msg = @"用户点击发送,将邮件放到队列中,还没发送";       
            break;       
        case MFMailComposeResultFailed:       
            msg = @"用户试图保存或者发送邮件失败";       
            break;       
        default:       
            msg = @"";     
            break;       
    }       
    [self alertWithMessage:msg];     
} 

       目前,使用iOS系统邮件风格的发邮件方式,是对上面两种的结合:

- (void)sendMailWithAddress:(NSArray *)address
{
  if ([MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail]) {
    [self displayMailPicker]; //APP内编辑邮件
  }
  else {
    [self launchMailApp];    // 打开Mail客户端,编辑邮件
  }
}

Type 3:开源SMTP Client

       https://github.com/jetseven/skpsmtpmessage

       它的优点是我们不必局限于iOS系统风格的邮件编辑页面,而可以根据自己APP的UI风格定制相应的视图以适应整体的设计

       在SKPSMTPMessage类中,并没有对视图进行任何的要求,它提供的都是数据层级的处理,你只需要定义好相应的发送要求就可以实现邮件发送了。至于是以什么样的方式获取这些信息,就可以根据软件的需求来确定交互方式和视图样式了

       下面是示例代码:

    SKPSMTPMessage *testMsg = [[SKPSMTPMessage alloc] init];  
            testMsg.fromEmail = @"test@gmail.com";  
            testMsg.toEmail =@"to@gmail.com";  
            testMsg.relayHost = @"smtp.gmail.com";  
            testMsg.requiresAuth = YES;  
            testMsg.login = @"test@gmail.com";  
            testMsg.pass = @"test";  
            testMsg.subject = [NSString stringWithCString:"测试" encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];  
            testMsg.bccEmail = @"bcc@gmail.com";  
            testMsg.wantsSecure = YES; // smtp.gmail.com doesn't work without TLS!  

            // Only do this for self-signed certs!  
            // testMsg.validateSSLChain = NO;  
            testMsg.delegate = self;  

    NSDictionary *plainPart = [NSDictionary   
    dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"text/plain",kSKPSMTPPartContentTypeKey,  
    [NSString stringWithCString:"测试正文" encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding],  
    kSKPSMTPPartMessageKey,@"8bit",kSKPSMTPPartContentTransferEncodingKey,nil];  

    NSString *vcfPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@"vcf"];  
    NSData *vcfData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:vcfPath];  

    NSDictionary *vcfPart = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: @"text/directory;\r\n\tx-unix-mode=0644;\r\n\tname=\"test.vcf\"",kSKPSMTPPartContentTypeKey,  
    @"attachment;\r\n\tfilename=\"test.vcf\"",kSKPSMTPPartContentDispositionKey,  
    [vcfData encodeBase64ForData],kSKPSMTPPartMessageKey,@"base64",kSKPSMTPPartContentTransferEncodingKey,nil];  
     testMsg.parts = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:plainPart,vcfPart,nil];  
     [testMsg send];  

       上面就是APP发送邮件的几种方式,那么最近我碰到的坑是什么意思呢?我用了type 1和type 2结合的方式,先描述一下这个bug:

       1、iOS7的pad,绑定邮箱账户(Mail和iCloud随便一个),能用type 2打开APP内编辑页面

       2、iOS7的pad,不绑定邮箱账户,能用type 1打开Mail客户端

       3、iOS8、9的pad,绑定邮箱账户(Mail和iCloud随便一个),无任何反应

       4、iOS8、9的pad,不绑定邮箱账户,能用type 1打开Mail客户端

       是MFMailComposeViewController在iOS系统版本上有bug吗?后来在stackoverflow上看到,MFMailComposeViewController在父控制器上还有其他视图操作的时候 确实存在着问题,比如我的情况:

[[RootViewController sharedRootViewController] sendMailWithAddress:[mailAddress componentsSeparatedByString:@";"]]; //1
  [[RootViewController sharedRootViewController] dismissPopoverWithAnimation:YES];    // 2

       第1行就是RootViewController推出MFMailComposeViewController的方法

       第2行是RootViewController dismiss掉另一个popoverViewController的方法

       那么问题来了,当我发出命令,RootViewController推出MFMailComposeViewController之后,MFMailComposeViewController出现之前,RootViewController又去dismissVC,这就是在搞事情了,造成混乱,导致MFMailComposeViewController还没appear就被dismiss掉了。

       问题找到了就好办了,将1、2位置互换:

[[RootViewController sharedRootViewController] dismissPopoverWithAnimation:YES];
  [[RootViewController sharedRootViewController] sendMailWithAddress:[mailAddress componentsSeparatedByString:@";"]];

       提前将该dismiss的执行了,让推出MFMailComposeViewController之后,尽量避免视图和VC上的变化。

       总之,出现这问题,就要检查推出MFMailComposeViewController之后,父控制器上有无其他视图方面的操作。

       其实习惯就好,在navigationbar存在的时候,更会出现奇葩问题,,还需小心谨慎!!!

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