es备份到hdfs
简介
elasticsearch副本提供了高可靠性;它可以保证节点丢失而不会中断服务,但是副本不能做到容灾备份,所以需要把elasticsearch的数据被分到hdfs中。
测试环境
elasticsearch 6.3.2
Hadoop 2.9.1
操作步骤
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安装repository-hdfs
进入ES的目录,执行命令:bin/elasticsearch-plugin install repository-hdfs 如果需要移除插件,执行命令:bin/elasticsearch-plugin remove repository-hdfs
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建立仓库命令
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup' -d '{"type":"hdfs", "settings":{ "path":"/elasticsearch/respositories/my_hdfs_repository", "uri":"hdfs://192.168.2.202:9000" }}’
备注:一个仓库可以包含多个快照
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查看仓库
curl -XGET 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup?pretty'
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快照特定的索引
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup/snapshot_1' -d '{"indices":"blog"}'
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快照多个索引
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup/snapshot_1' -d '{"indices":"blog1,blog2"}'
经过这一步操作可以查看到hdfs里多了备份文件
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查看特定快照信息
curl -XGET 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup/snapshot_1?pretty'
INITIALIZING:分片在检查集群状态看看自己是否可以被快照。这个一般是非常快的。
STARTED:数据正在被传输到仓库。
FINALIZING:数据传输完成;分片现在在发送快照元数据。
DONE:快照完成!
FAILED:快照处理的时候碰到了错误,这个分片/索引/快照不可能完成了。检查你的日志获取更多信息。 -
恢复特定索引
curl -XPOST 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup/snapshot_1/_restore?pretty'
删除快照
curl -XDELETE 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup/snapshot_1’
监控快照
curl -XGET 'http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup/snapshot_1/_status'
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执行脚本
#!/bin/bash current_time=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S) command_prefix="http://192.168.2.227:9200/_snapshot/backup/all_" command=$command_prefix$current_time curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT $command -d '{"indices":"index*,logstash*,nginx*,magicianlog*,invokelog*,outside*"}'
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crontab定时任务,每天备份一次
0 0 * * * /root/shell/snapshot_all_hdfs.sh >>/root/shell/logs/snapshot_all_day.log 2>&1
常见问题处理
failed to create snapshot","caused_by":{"type":"access_control_exception","reason":"Permission denied: user=elasticsearch, access=WRITE, inode=\"/elasticsearch/respositories/my_hdfs_repository
修改hdfs-site.xml,把dfs.permissions改成false
提前在hdfs中新建备份的文件目录, /elasticsearch/respositories/my_hdfs_repository
并修改hdfs文件权限,bin/hdfs dfs -chmod 777
参考资料
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/modules-snapshots.html
https://blog.csdn.net/ysl1242157902/article/details/79219061