学习目的:学习非阻塞IO的编程练习
主要用到poll进行阻塞等待。具体的还没理解好,只是比着代码敲了一遍。先贴上代码,后续有了新的认识再更新。
1- 阻塞IO的用法理解
poll()理解:
2- 代码实现
代码实现原理:
现象:
之前的都是内核态代码,这里需要再用户态进行编程验证。
a- 用户态代码
C文件
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<sys/time.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include <unistd.h> //read
#include <sys/ioctl.h> //ioctl
#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1 //ioctl操作码
#define BUFFER_LEN 20
void main()
{
int fd,num;
char rd_ch[BUFFER_LEN];
fd_set rfds,wfds;
/*以阻塞方式打开/dev/globalmem文件*/
fd = open("/dev/globalmem", O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
if(fd == -1)
printf("dev/globalmem open fail\n");
else
{
if(ioctl(fd, MEM_CLEAR, 0) < 0)
printf("ioctl command failed\n");
while(1)
{
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
FD_ZERO(&wfds);
FD_SET(fd,&rfds);
FD_SET(fd,&wfds);
select(fd+1, &rfds, &wfds, NULL, NULL);
if(FD_ISSET(fd, &rfds))
printf("poll monitor: can be read\n");
if(FD_ISSET(fd,&wfds))
printf("poll monitor: can be write\n");
sleep(5);
}
}
close(fd);
}
Makefile文件
#Makefile
main: main.o
gcc -o main main.o
main.o:main.c
gcc -c main.c
clean:
rm -rf *.o main
b- 内核态代码
C文件
//6- globalmem
#include<linux/module.h>
#include<linux/types.h>
#include<linux/fs.h>
#include<linux/errno.h>
#include<linux/mm.h>
#include<linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h> //signal_pending()头文件
#include<linux/init.h>
#include<linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
//#include <linux/mutex.h> //增加互斥量
#include<linux/sem.h> //增加互斥量
#include <linux/workqueue.h> //等待队列
#include <linux/poll.h> //poll()
#include<asm/io.h>
#include<asm/switch_to.h>
//#include<asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#define GLOBALMEM_SIZE 0x1000 /*操作的mem内存大小,全局变量大小4k*/
#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1 /*ioctrl命令码*/
#define GLOBALMEM_MAJOR 243 /*设定globalmem的主设备号,查看已经注册的避免冲突cat /proc/devices*/
static int globalmem_major = GLOBALMEM_MAJOR;
/*globalmem结构体*/
struct globalmem_dev
{
struct cdev cdev; //字符设备结构体
unsigned int current_len; /*有效数据长度*/
unsigned char mem[GLOBALMEM_SIZE]; //大小
struct semaphore sem;
wait_queue_head_t r_wait; /*读等待队列头*/
wait_queue_head_t w_wait; /*写等待队列头*/
};
struct globalmem_dev *globalmem_devp;
/*以下为文件操作:打开、释放、ioctrl、读写、定位*/
/*文件打开操作*/
int globalmem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
filp->private_data = globalmem_devp;
printk(KERN_INFO "funt:%s enter!\n",__FUNCTION__);
return 0;
}
/*文件释放*/
int globalmem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
printk(KERN_INFO "funt:%s enter!\n",__FUNCTION__);
return 0;
}
/*ioctrl操作*/
static long globalmem_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)//和2.6内核不一样!!
{
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
printk(KERN_INFO "funt:%s enter!\n",__FUNCTION__);
switch(cmd)
{
case MEM_CLEAR: //增加信号量保护共享资源
/*获取信号量*/
if(down_interruptible(&dev->sem))
return -ERESTARTSYS;
/*共享资源操作*/
memset(dev->mem,0,GLOBALMEM_SIZE);
/*释放信号量*/
up(&dev->sem);
printk(KERN_INFO "globalmem is set to zero\n");
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
/*读函数*/
static ssize_t globalmem_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
int ret =0;
//unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait,current);
printk(KERN_INFO "funt:%s enter!\n",__FUNCTION__);
/*获取信号量*/
down(&dev->sem);
add_wait_queue(&dev->r_wait, &wait); //加入读等待队列头
/*等待FIFO非空*/
while(dev->current_len == 0)
{
if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
{
ret = -EAGAIN;
goto out;
}
__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);//改变进程状态
/*释放信号量*/
up(&dev->sem);
schedule(); //任务调度、切换
if(signal_pending(current))
{
ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
goto out2;
}
/*为保护共享资源互斥访问,再次获取信号量*/
down(&dev->sem);
}
/*数据拷贝*/
if(count > dev->current_len)
count = dev->current_len;
if(copy_to_user(buf, dev->mem, count))
{
ret = -EFAULT;
goto out;
}
else
{
memcpy(dev->mem, dev->mem + count, dev->current_len -count);
dev->current_len -= count;
printk(KERN_INFO "read %d butes, current_len:%d\n",count,dev->current_len);
wake_up_interruptible(&dev->w_wait); //唤醒写等待队列
ret = count;
}
out:up(&dev->sem);
out2:remove_wait_queue(&dev->r_wait, &wait); //移除写等待队列
set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
return ret;
}
/*写函数*/
static ssize_t globalmem_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
int ret =0;
//unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current); //定义等待队列
printk(KERN_INFO "funt:%s enter!\n",__FUNCTION__);
/*获取信号量*/
down(&dev->sem);
add_wait_queue(&dev->w_wait, &wait);
while(dev->current_len == GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
{
if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
{
ret = -EAGAIN;
goto out;
}
__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE); //改变进程状态
/*释放信号量*/
up(&dev->sem);
/*任务调度、切换*/
schedule();
if(signal_pending(current))
{
ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
goto out2;
}
/*重新获取信号量*/
down(&dev->sem);
}
/*数据拷贝*/
if(count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - dev->current_len)
count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - dev->current_len;
if(copy_from_user(dev->mem + dev->current_len, buf, count))
{
ret = -EFAULT;
goto out;
}
else
{
dev->current_len += count;
printk(KERN_INFO "written %d bytes, current_len:%d\n",count,dev->current_len);
wake_up_interruptible(&dev->r_wait);
ret = count;
}
out: up(&dev->sem);
out2: remove_wait_queue(&dev->w_wait, &wait);
set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
return ret;
}
/*文件定位*/
static loff_t globalmem_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int orig)
{
loff_t ret = 0;
switch(orig)
{
/*从文件开头偏移*/
case 0:
if(offset < 0)
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if((unsigned int)offset > GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
filp->f_pos = (unsigned int )offset;
ret = filp->f_pos;
break;
/*从当前位置偏移*/
case 1:
if(filp->f_pos + offset < 0)
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if((filp->f_pos + offset) > GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
filp->f_pos += (unsigned int )offset;
ret = filp->f_pos;
break;
default:
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
return ret;
}
/*globalmem_pool驱动*/
static unsigned int globalmem_poll(struct file *filp, poll_table *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; /*获取设备结构体指针*/
/*获取信号量*/
down(&dev->sem);
/*临界区*/
poll_wait(filp, &dev->r_wait, wait);
poll_wait(filp, &dev->w_wait, wait);
if(dev->current_len != 0)
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
if(dev->current_len != GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
mask |= POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM;
/*释放信号量*/
up(&dev->sem);
return mask;
}
/*文件操作结构体*/
static const struct file_operations globalmem_fops =
{
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.llseek = globalmem_llseek,
.read = globalmem_read,
.write = globalmem_write,
.unlocked_ioctl = globalmem_ioctl,
.open = globalmem_open,
.release = globalmem_release,
.poll = globalmem_poll,
};
/*初始化并向内核注册cdev*/
static void globalmem_setup_cdev(struct globalmem_dev *dev, int index)
{
int err;
int devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major,index);
cdev_init(&dev->cdev,&globalmem_fops); //初始化cdev
dev->cdev.ops = &globalmem_fops;
err = cdev_add(&dev->cdev,devno,1);//向内核注册cdev
if(err)
{
printk(KERN_NOTICE "Err %d adding LED%d",err,index);
}
}
/*设备驱动模块加载*/
int globalmem_init(void)
{
int result;
dev_t devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major,0);//如果有主设备号,先求出设备号,向系统注册
if(globalmem_major)
{
result = register_chrdev_region(devno,1,"globalmem"); //向内核静态申请设备号,设备号devno已知
}
else
{
result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno,0,1,"globalmem");//动态申请设备号,
globalmem_major = MAJOR(devno);//根据申请到的设备号求出主设备号
}
if(result < 0)
{
return result;
}
/*申请内存*/
globalmem_devp = kmalloc(sizeof(struct globalmem_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if(!globalmem_devp)
{
result = -ENOMEM;
goto fail_malloc;
}
memset(globalmem_devp,0,sizeof(struct globalmem_dev));
globalmem_setup_cdev(globalmem_devp,0);//向内核注册cdev
sema_init(&globalmem_devp->sem,1); /*初始化信号量*/
init_waitqueue_head(&globalmem_devp->r_wait); /*初始化读等待队列头*/
init_waitqueue_head(&globalmem_devp->w_wait); /*初始化写等待队列头*/
printk(KERN_INFO "module_init succ!\n");
return 0;
fail_malloc:unregister_chrdev_region(devno,1);//解注册申请的设备号
return result;
}
/*模块卸载*/
void globalmem_exit(void)
{
cdev_del(&globalmem_devp->cdev);//解注册cdev
kfree(globalmem_devp);
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(globalmem_major,0), 1);
printk(KERN_INFO "module_exit succ!\n");
}
MODULE_AUTHOR("lhk");
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
module_param(globalmem_major, int, S_IRUGO);
module_init(globalmem_init);
module_exit(globalmem_exit);
Makefile文件
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
obj-m:=globalmem.o
else
KDIR:=/lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD:=$(shell pwd)
all:
make -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
rm -rf *.ko *.o *.symvers *.cmd *.cmd.o *.mod.c *.order
endif