125.验证回文字符串

一.题目

给定一个字符串，验证它是否是回文串，只考虑字母和数字字符，可以忽略字母的大小写。

说明：本题中，我们将空字符串定义为有效的回文串。

示例 1:

输入: "A man, a plan, a canal: Panama"
输出: true

示例 2:

输入: "race a car"
输出: false

二.思路及代码 

1> 一串字符串先整理成无符号全小写的形式，然后切一半前后比较（因为最大下标比长度小1，所以如果长度为偶数，前一半的下标就从 0 取到 floor((len(s) - 1)/2)，后一半和前一半长度一样从倒数第一开始取）

class Solution:
    def isPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: bool
        """
        new_s = ''
        for i in s:
            if i.isdigit() or i.islower():
                new_s = new_s + i
            elif i.isupper():
                new_s = new_s + i.lower()
            
        if new_s == '':
            return True
        else:
            i = 0
            j = len(new_s) - 1
            while i <= math.floor((len(new_s) - 1)/2):
                if new_s[i] == new_s[j]:
                    i += 1
                    j -= 1
                else:
                    return False
            return True

class Solution:  
    def isPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        Using traditional while loop for processing
        :type s: str
        :rtype: bool
        """
        if len(s) == 0 or len(s) == 1:
            return True
        # len(s) > 0
        i = 0
        j = len(s)-1
        sen = s.lower()
        while i <= j:
            while i < len(s) and not (sen[i].isalnum()): 
                i+=1
            while j > -1 and not (sen[j].isalnum()): 
                j-=1
            if i <= j:
                if sen[i] != sen[j]:
                    return False
                else:
                    i+=1
                    j-=1
        return True
        

 

2> 利用python的method

上一个方法的用时比较长，这道题简直是为python里str 的 method量身定做的。

1) str.isalnum()

# by myself
class Solution: 
    def isPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: bool 
        """    
        # Method 2
        s = s.lower()
        new_s = ''
        for i in s:
            if i.isalnum():
                new_s = new_s + i
        if new_s == new_s[::-1]:
            return True
        else:
            return False

# by example
class Solution:
    def isPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        Using python library for processing
        :type s: str
        :rtype: bool
        """
        if len(s) == 0 or len(s) == 1:
            return True
        # len(s) > 0
        sen = [item for item in s.lower() if item.isalnum()]
        return sen == sen[::-1]

2）str.replace() 

class Solution:
    def isPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: bool
    
        """
        s=s.lower()
        for punc in string.punctuation:
            s = s.replace(punc,'')
        s = s.replace(' ','')
        if s[::-1]==s:
            return True
        else: return False

 3) str.join(seq) --其中str为seq间的间隔，通常可以用"", ","等，下面的例子就用了""

class Solution:
    def isPalindrome(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: bool
        """
        s1 = []
        for i in s:
            if i.isalpha() or i.isalnum():
                s1.append(i)
        s = "".join(s1)
        s = s.lower()
        d = s[::-1]
        if s == d:
            return True
        else:
            return False