手上多余一大堆Mega8,最近刚好在熟悉ISP，想自己做一批来测试，重新写了Bootload，把代码贴出来给大家自己做，只用了512个字节，使用0x1c00开始地址作为Bootload地址，开机进入Bootload，10秒钟重启一次，如有有代码自动进入用户程序。
先上代码：
include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/eeprom.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
//#include <avr/delay.h>
//#define EEPROM 0
//FUCS FF D9 00 FF 0x1800
//FUCS FF DA 00 FF 0x1C00 OKOK
//#define F_CPU 16000000
/* We, Malmoitians, like slow interaction
* therefore the slow baud rate ;-)
*/
//#define BAUD_RATE 9600
/* 6.000.000 is more or less 8 seconds at the
* speed configured here
*/
//#define MAX_TIME_COUNT 6000000
#define MAX_TIME_COUNT (F_CPU>>1)
//#define MAX_TIME_COUNT_MORATORY 1600000
/* SW_MAJOR and MINOR needs to be updated from time to time to avoid warning message from AVR Studio */
#define HW_VER 0x02
#define SW_MAJOR 0x01
#define SW_MINOR 0x12
// AVR-GCC compiler compatibility
// avr-gcc compiler v3.1.x and older doesn't support outb() and inb()
// if necessary, convert outb and inb to outp and inp
#ifndef outb
#define outb(sfr,val) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) = (val))
#endif
#ifndef inb
#define inb(sfr) _SFR_BYTE(sfr)
#endif
/* defines for future compatibility */
#ifndef cbi
#define cbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) &= ~_BV(bit))
#endif
#ifndef sbi
#define sbi(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) |= _BV(bit))
#endif
/* Adjust to suit whatever pin your hardware uses to enter the bootloader */
#define eeprom_rb(addr) eeprom_read_byte ((uint8_t *)(addr))
#define eeprom_rw(addr) eeprom_read_word ((uint16_t *)(addr))
#define eeprom_wb(addr, val) eeprom_write_byte ((uint8_t *)(addr), (uint8_t)(val))
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB5 */
#define LED_DDR DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN PIND
#define LED PIND5
#define SIG1 0x1E // Yep, Atmel is the only manufacturer of AVR micros. Single source :(
#define SIG2 0x93
#define SIG3 0x07
#define PAGE_SIZE 0x20U //32 words
void putch(char);
char getch(void);
void getNch(uint8_t);
void byte_response(uint8_t);
void nothing_response(void);
#if 1
union address_union {
uint16_t word;
uint8_t byte[2];
} address;
union length_union {
uint16_t word;
uint8_t byte[2];
} length;
#endif
//uint16_t length;
//uint16_t address;
struct flags_struct {
unsigned eeprom : 1;
//unsigned rampz : 1;
} flags;
uint8_t buff[256];
//uint8_t address_high;
//uint8_t pagesz=0x80;
//uint8_t i;
//uint8_t bootuart0=0,bootuart1=0;
void (*app_start)(void) = 0x0000;
void putch(char ch)
{
/* m8 */
while (!(inb(UCSRA) & _BV(UDRE)));
outb(UDR,ch);
}
char getch(void)
{
/* m8 */
uint32_t count = 0;
while(!(inb(UCSRA) & _BV(RXC))) {
/* HACKME:: here is a good place to count times*/
count++;
//putch('.');
if (count > MAX_TIME_COUNT){
putch('!');
app_start();
}
}
return (inb(UDR));
}
void getNch(uint8_t count)
{
uint8_t i;
for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
/* m8 */
//while(!(inb(UCSRA) & _BV(RXC)));
//inb(UDR);
getch(); // need to handle time out
}
}
void byte_response(uint8_t val)
{
if (getch() ==0x20) {
putch(0x14);
putch(val);
putch(0x10);
}
}
void nothing_response(void)
{
if (getch() == 0x20) {
putch(0x14);
putch(0x10);
}
}
int main(void)
{
uint8_t ch,ch2;
uint16_t w;
//cbi(BL_DDR,BL);
//sbi(BL_PORT,BL);
asm volatile("nop\n\t");
/* check if flash is programmed already, if not start bootloader anyway */
//if(pgm_read_byte_near(0x0000) != 0xFF) {
/* check if bootloader pin is set low */
// if(bit_is_set(BL_PIN,BL)) app_start();
//}
/* initialize UART(s) depending on CPU defined */
/* m8 */
UBRRH = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1)>>8; // set baud rate
UBRRL = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1);
UCSRB = (1<<RXEN)|(1<<TXEN); // enable Rx & Tx
UCSRC = (1<<URSEL)|(1<<UCSZ1)|(1<<UCSZ0); // config USART; 8N1
//UBRRL = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
//UBRRH = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
//UCSRA = 0x00;
//UCSRC = 0x86;
//UCSRB = _BV(TXEN)|_BV(RXEN);
/* this was giving uisp problems, so I removed it; without it, the boot
works on with uisp and avrdude on the mac (at least). */
putch('\0');
//uint32_t l;
//uint32_t time_count;
//time_count=0;
/* set LED pin as output */
// sbi(LED_DDR,LED);
// for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
// outb(LED_PORT, inb(LED_PORT) ^ _BV(LED));
// _delay_loop_2(0);
// }
//for (l=0; l<40000000; l++)
//outb(LED_PORT, inb(LED_PORT) ^= _BV(LED));
/* flash onboard LED three times to signal entering of bootloader */
//for(i=0; i<3; ++i) {
//for(l=0; l<40000000; ++l);
// sbi(LED_PORT,LED);
//for(l=0; l<40000000; ++l);
//
//}
/* see comment at previous call to putch() */
//putch('\0'); // this line is needed for the synchronization of the programmer
//cbi(LED_PORT,LED);
/* forever */
for (;;) {
//sbi(LED_PORT,LED);
//if((inb(UCSRA) & _BV(RXC))){
/* get character from UART */
ch = getch();
/* A bunch of if...else if... gives smaller code than switch...case ! */
/* Hello is anyone home ? */
if((ch=='P')||(ch=='Q')||(ch=='R')||(ch=='0')) {
nothing_response();
if (ch=='Q')app_start();
}
/* Request programmer ID */
/* Not using PROGMEM string due to boot block in m128 being beyond 64kB boundry */
/* Would need to selectively manipulate RAMPZ, and it's only 9 characters anyway so who cares. */
else if(ch=='1') {
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch('A');
putch('V');
putch('R');
putch(' ');
putch('I');
putch('S');
putch('P');
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* AVR ISP/STK500 board commands DON'T CARE so default nothing_response */
else if(ch=='@') {
ch2 = getch();
if (ch2>0x85) getch();
nothing_response();
}
/* AVR ISP/STK500 board requests */
else if(ch=='A') {
ch2 = getch();
if(ch2==0x80) byte_response(HW_VER); // Hardware version
else if(ch2==0x81) byte_response(SW_MAJOR); // Software major version
else if(ch2==0x82) byte_response(SW_MINOR); // Software minor version
//else if(ch2==0x98) byte_response(0x03); // Unknown but seems to be required by avr studio 3.56
else byte_response(0x00); // Covers various unnecessary responses we don't care about
}
/* Device Parameters DON'T CARE, DEVICE IS FIXED */
else if(ch=='B') {
getNch(20);
nothing_response();
}
/* Parallel programming stuff DON'T CARE */
else if(ch=='E') {
getNch(5);
nothing_response();
}
/* Universal SPI programming command, disabled. Would be used for fuses and lock bits. */
else if(ch=='V') {
getNch(4);
byte_response(00);
}
/* Write memory, length is big endian and is in bytes */
else if(ch=='d') {
length.byte[1] = getch();
length.byte[0]= getch();
flags.eeprom = 0;
if (getch() == 'E') flags.eeprom = 1;
// putch(length);
// putch(length>>8);
for (w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
buff[w] = getch(); // Store data in buffer, can't keep up with serial data stream whilst programming pages
}
if (getch() ==0x20)
{
// putch('W');
#ifdef EERPOM
if (flags.eeprom) { //Write to EEPROM one byte at a time
for(w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
eeprom_wb(address.word,buff[w]);
address.word++;
}
// putch('E');
} else
#else
if (flags.eeprom==0)
#endif
{ //Write to FLASH one page at a time
//if (address.byte[1]>127) address_high = 0x01; //Only possible with m128, m256 will need 3rd address byte. FIXME
//else address_high = 0x00;
//address = address << 1; //address * 2 -> byte location
//if ((length.byte[0] & 0x01)) length++; //Even up an odd number of bytes
// putch('F');
#if 1
cli(); //Disable interrupts, just to be sure
// sbi(PORTD,3);
//sbi(LED_PORT,LED);
while(bit_is_set(EECR,EEWE)); //Wait for previous EEPROM writes to complete
// sbi(PORTD,3);
//cbi(LED_PORT,LED);
asm volatile(
"clr r17 \n\t" //page_word_count
"lds r30,address \n\t" //Address of FLASH location (in words)
"lds r31,address+1 \n\t"
"lsl r30 \n\t" //address * 2 -> byte location
"rol r31 \n\t"
"ldi r28,lo8(buff) \n\t" //Start of buffer array in RAM
"ldi r29,hi8(buff) \n\t"
"lds r24,length \n\t" //Length of data to be written (in bytes)
"lds r25,length+1 \n\t"
"sbrs r24,0 \n\t" //Even up an odd number of bytes
"rjmp length_loop \n\t"
"adiw r24,1 \n\t"
"length_loop: \n\t" //Main loop, repeat for number of words in block
"cpi r17,0x00 \n\t" //If page_word_count=0 then erase page
"brne no_page_erase \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm1: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm1 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x03 \n\t" //Erase page pointed to by Z
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm2: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm2 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x11 \n\t" //Re-enable RWW section
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"no_page_erase: \n\t"
"ld r0,Y+ \n\t" //Write 2 bytes into page buffer
"ld r1,Y+ \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm3: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm3 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x01 \n\t" //Load r0,r1 into FLASH page buffer
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"inc r17 \n\t" //page_word_count++
"cpi r17,%1 \n\t"
"brlo same_page \n\t" //Still same page in FLASH
"write_page: \n\t"
"clr r17 \n\t" //New page, write current one first
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm4: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm4 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x05 \n\t" //Write page pointed to by Z
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"rcall wait_spm \n\t"
// "wait_spm5: \n\t"
// "lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
// "andi r16,1 \n\t"
// "cpi r16,1 \n\t"
// "breq wait_spm5 \n\t"
"ldi r16,0x11 \n\t" //Re-enable RWW section
"sts %0,r16 \n\t"
"spm \n\t"
"same_page: \n\t"
"adiw r30,2 \n\t" //Next word in FLASH
"sbiw r24,2 \n\t" //length-2
"breq final_write \n\t" //Finished
"rjmp length_loop \n\t"
"wait_spm: \n\t"
"lds r16,%0 \n\t" //Wait for previous spm to complete
"andi r16,1 \n\t"
"cpi r16,1 \n\t"
"breq wait_spm \n\t"
"ret \n\t"
"final_write: \n\t"
"cpi r17,0 \n\t"
"breq block_done \n\t"
"adiw r24,2 \n\t" //length+2, fool above check on length after short page write
"rjmp write_page \n\t"
"block_done: \n\t"
"clr __zero_reg__ \n\t" //restore zero register
: "=m" (SPMCR) : "M" (PAGE_SIZE) : "r0","r16","r17","r24","r25","r28","r29","r30","r31");
/* Should really add a wait for RWW section to be enabled, don't actually need it since we never */
/* exit the bootloader without a power cycle anyhow */
#endif
}
//sbi(LED_PORT,LED);
// sei();
// cbi(PORTD,3);
putch(0x14);
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* Set address, little endian. EEPROM in bytes, FLASH in words */
/* Perhaps extra address bytes may be added in future to support > 128kB FLASH. */
/* This might explain why little endian was used here, big endian used everywhere else. */
else if(ch=='U') {
address.byte[0] = getch();
address.byte[1]=getch();
nothing_response();
}
/* Read memory block mode, length is big endian. */
else if(ch=='t') {
length.byte[1] = getch();
length.byte[0] =getch();
#if EERPOM
if (getch() == 'E')
flags.eeprom = 1; //0x45 EEPROM
else
#else
if (getch() == 'F')
#endif
{ //0x46 FLASH
flags.eeprom = 0;
address.word = address.word << 1; // address * 2 -> byte location
}
if (getch() == 0x20) { // Command terminator
putch(0x14);
for (w=0;w <length.word;w++) { // Can handle odd and even lengths okay
#if EERPOM
if (flags.eeprom) { // Byte access EEPROM read
putch(eeprom_rb(address.word));
address.word++;
} else
#else
if (flags.eeprom==0)
#endif
{
//
if (address.word<0x1c00)
{
//if (!flags.rampz)
putch(pgm_read_byte_near(address.word));
}else{
putch(0xff);
}
address.word++;
}
}
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* Get device signature bytes */
else if(ch=='u') {
if (getch() == ' ') {
putch(0x14);
putch(SIG1);
putch(SIG2);
putch(SIG3);
putch(0x10);
}
}
/* Read oscillator calibration byte */
else if(ch=='v') {
byte_response(0x00);
}
// } else {
// time_count++;
// if (time_count>=MAX_TIME_COUNT) {
// c();
// }
// }
//cbi(LED_PORT,LED);
} /* end of forever loop */
}
/* end of file ATmegaBOOT.c */
接下来是Makefile:
# Makefile for ATmegaBOOT
# E.Lins, 2004-10-14
# program name should not be changed...
PROGRAM = ATmegaBOOT
PRODUCT=atmega8
# enter the parameters for the UISP isp tool
ISPPARAMS = -dprog=stk500 -dserial=$(SERIAL) -dspeed=19200
#DIRAVR = F:\2022\AVR\miniuxAVR\arduino-lite\bin\win32\WinAVR-20090313
DIRAVR = ../../../bin/win32/WinAVR-20090313
DIRAVRBIN = $(DIRAVR)/bin
DIRAVRUTILS = $(DIRAVR)/utils/bin
DIRINC = $(DIRAVR)/include
DIRLIB = $(DIRAVR)/avr/lib
MCU_TARGET = atmega8
LDSECTION = --section-start=.text=0x1C00
#FUSE_L = 0xdf
#FUSE_H = 0xca
FUSE_L = 0xFF
FUSE_H = 0xDD
ISPFUSES = $(DIRAVRBIN)/uisp -dpart=ATmega8 $(ISPPARAMS) --wr_fuse_l=$(FUSE_L) --wr_fuse_h=$(FUSE_H)
ISPFLASH = $(DIRAVRBIN)/uisp -dpart=ATmega8 $(ISPPARAMS) --erase --upload if=$(PROGRAM).hex -v
OBJ = $(PROGRAM).o
OPTIMIZE = -Os
DEFS = -DF_CPU=7372800 -DBAUD_RATE=19200
LIBS =
CC = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-gcc
# Override is only needed by avr-lib build system.
override CFLAGS = -g -Wall $(OPTIMIZE) -mmcu=$(MCU_TARGET) -D$(PRODUCT) $(DEFS) -I$(DIRINC)
override LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map,$(PROGRAM).map,$(LDSECTION)
OBJCOPY = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-objcopy
OBJDUMP = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-objdump
SIZE = $(DIRAVRBIN)/avr-size
all: $(PROGRAM).elf lst text asm size
isp: $(PROGRAM).hex
$(ISPFUSES)
$(ISPFLASH)
$(PROGRAM).elf: $(OBJ)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)
clean:
rm -rf *.s
rm -rf *.o *.elf
rm -rf *.lst *.map
asm: $(PROGRAM).s
%.s: %.c
$(CC) -S $(CFLAGS) -g1 $^
lst: $(PROGRAM).lst
%.lst: %.elf
$(OBJDUMP) -h -S $< > $@
size: $(PROGRAM).hex
$(SIZE) $^
# Rules for building the .text rom images
text: hex bin srec
hex: $(PROGRAM).hex
bin: $(PROGRAM).bin
srec: $(PROGRAM).srec
%.hex: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O ihex $< $@
%.srec: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O srec $< $@
%.bin: %.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O binary $< $@
然后使用 make 编译出hex
用烧录器烧录或者ISP
配置位如图：
下载完代开Arduino
开发板选择 Arduino NG or older
处理器 Atmega8
编程器选择 STK500
这样使用 19200下载到开发板就可以了！
在Arduino\hardware\arduino\avr目录下有个broads.txt
由于我使用的是7.372800 19200BPS这里面需要改动
##############################################################
atmegang.name=Arduino NG or older
atmegang.upload.tool=avrdude
atmegang.upload.protocol=arduino
atmegang.upload.speed=19200
atmegang.bootloader.tool=avrdude
atmegang.bootloader.unlock_bits=0x3F
atmegang.bootloader.lock_bits=0x0F
atmegang.build.mcu=atmegang
atmegang.build.f_cpu=7372800L
atmegang.build.board=AVR_NG
atmegang.build.core=arduino
atmegang.build.variant=standard
Arduino NG or older w/ ATmega168
--------------------------------
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168=ATmega168
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168.upload.maximum_size=14336
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168.upload.maximum_data_size=1024
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168.bootloader.low_fuses=0xff
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168.bootloader.high_fuses=0xdd
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168.bootloader.extended_fuses=0xF8
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168.bootloader.file=atmega/ATmegaBOOT_168_ng.hex
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega168.build.mcu=atmega168
Arduino NG or older w/ ATmega8
------------------------------
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8=ATmega8
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8.upload.maximum_size=7168
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8.upload.maximum_data_size=1024
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8.bootloader.low_fuses=0xdf
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8.bootloader.high_fuses=0xca
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8.bootloader.extended_fuses=0xF8
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8.bootloader.file=atmega8/ATmegaBOOT-prod-firmware-2009-11-07.hex
atmegang.menu.cpu.atmega8.build.mcu=atmega8
##############################################################
这样就完成了。
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