CSAPP:Chapter1.6~Chapter1.7

目录

 

1.6 Storage Devices Form a hierarchy

1.7 The Operating System Manages the Hardware

1)os’s two primary purposes

2)Three main fundamental abstractions

3)Processes

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1.6 Storage Devices Form a hierarchy

1) Memory hierarchy

storage at one level serves as a cache for storage at the next lower level

e.g. The register file is a cache for the L1 cache.L3 cache is a cache for the main memory.

On some networked systems with distributed file systems, the local disk serves as a cache for data stored on the disks of other systems.

Just as programmers can exploit knowledge of the different caches to improve performance, programmers can exploit their understanding of the entire memory hierarchy.

1.7 The Operating System Manages the Hardware

1)os’s two primary purposes

protect the hardware from misuse of runaway applications.(防止硬件被失控的程序误用)

provide applications with simple and uniform mechanisms for manipulating complicated and often wildly different low-level hardware devices.(为复杂、通常差异很大的不同层级的硬件设备，提供简单统一的控制机制)

2)Three main fundamental abstractions

processes, virtual memory, and files

3)Processes

Process(An abstraction for a running program.)

Context(PC, register file, and the contents of main memory.)

Operating system kernel.(System call)