linux服务器中 nginx的安装

一 概述nginx的安装

1.1 概述

nginx安装之前需要一些基础环境和依赖一些其他包，需要依赖c++环境和下面3个库包，如下图所示：

1.2 安装参考地址

参考安装地址：https://www.runoob.com/linux/nginx-install-setup.html

官网软件包下载地址：http://nginx.org/

1.3 在线安装c++，openssl，zlib库包编译工具

[root@localhost ~]#  yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

1通过图片查看

2.安装中截图：

3.查看安装的结果

 1.4 安装pcre

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

1.4.1 通过wget在线下载

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@localhost src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
[root@localhost src]#  wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
--2020-12-08 00:19:02--  http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
Resolving downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)... 216.105.38.13
Connecting to downloads.sourceforge.net (downloads.sourceforge.net)|216.105.38.13|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz [following]
--2020-12-08 00:19:03--  https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
Resolving nchc.dl.sourceforge.net (nchc.dl.sourceforge.net)... 140.110.96.69, 2001:e10:ffff:1f02::17
Connecting to nchc.dl.sourceforge.net (nchc.dl.sourceforge.net)|140.110.96.69|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1996552 (1.9M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘pcre-8.35.tar.gz’
100%[=============================================================================================================================================>] 1,996,552   4.98KB/s   in 9m 10s d
2020-12-08 00:28:21 (3.55 KB/s) - ‘pcre-8.35.tar.gz’ saved [1996552/1996552]
[root@localhost src]# ls
pcre-8.35.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# 

总结：可以看到通过wget命令，将pcre-8.35.tar.gz这个包成功的进行了下载。

1.4.2 解压pcre安装包

使用tar命令进行解压：

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz pcre-8.35/ pcre-8.35/pcre_scanner.h pcre-8.35/LICENCE pcre-8.35/makevp_c.txt pcre-8.35/PrepareRelease pcre-8.35/RunTest.bat pcre-8.35/pcre16_study.c

查看并进入安装目录

[root@localhost src]# ls pcre-8.35  pcre-8.35.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# cd pcre-8.35/ [root@localhost pcre-8.35]# ls 132html            depcomp             makevp_c.txt          pcre16_ord2utf16.c     pcre32_get.c            pcre_compile.c       pcre_internal.h               pcre_tables.c aclocal.m4         Detrail             makevp_l.txt          pcre16_printint.c      pcre32_globals.c        pcre_config.c        pcre_jit_compile.c            pcretest.c ar-lib             dftables

 1.4.3  编译安装

#step1：一定要先进入cd pcre-8.35/ 这个安装目录，执行configure命令

[root@localhost src]# cd pcre-8.35/ [root@localhost pcre-8.35]# ./configure checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p checking for gawk... gawk

#step2：执行make&&make install命令

[root@localhost pcre-8.35]# make && make install rm -f pcre_chartables.c ln -s ./pcre_chartables.c.dist pcre_chartables.c make  all-am

1.4.4 查看安装版本

#step1：查看安装的版本

[root@localhost pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version 8.35 [root@localhost pcre-8.35]#

 1.5 安装nginx

1.5.1 通过wget在线下载

[root@localhost pcre-8.35]# cd /usr/local/src [root@localhost src]# ls pcre-8.35  pcre-8.35.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz --2020-12-08 00:34:51--  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz Resolving nginx.org (nginx.org)... 3.125.197.172, 52.58.199.22, 2a05:d014:edb:5704::6, ... Connecting to nginx.org (nginx.org)|3.125.197.172|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 804164 (785K) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz’   100%[=============================================================================================================================================>] 804,164      229KB/s   in 3.4s      2020-12-08 00:34:55 (229 KB/s) - ‘nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz’ saved [804164/804164] [root@localhost src]# ls nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz  pcre-8.35  pcre-8.35.tar.gz [root@localhost src]#

1.5.2 解压安装

#step1：进入安装目录

[root@localhost src]# ls nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz  pcre-8.35  pcre-8.35.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz nginx-1.6.2/ nginx-1.6.2/auto/

1.5.3 编译安装

[root@localhost src]# ls nginx-1.6.2  nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz  pcre-8.35  pcre-8.35.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.6.2/ [root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# ./configure checking for OS  + Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 x86_64 checking for C compiler .

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# make make -f objs/Makefile make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/nginx-1.6.2' cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/os/unix -I objs \ -o objs/src/core/nginx.o \ src/core/nginx.c

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.2]# make install make -f objs/Makefile install make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/nginx-1.6.2' test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'

1.5.4 启动nginx

[root@localhost sbin]# cd /usr/local/nginx/ [root@localhost nginx]# ls client_body_temp  conf  fastcgi_temp  html  logs  proxy_temp  sbin  scgi_temp  uwsgi_temp [root@localhost nginx]# cd sbin/ [root@localhost sbin]# ls nginx [root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx

1.6 查看nginx是否启动

通过ps命令查看启动的进程号

[root@localhost sbin]# ps -ef|grep nginx root      65686      1  0 07:05 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process ./nginx nobody    65688  65686  0 07:05 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process root      65695   2593  0 07:05 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

 1.7 通过浏览器访问

通过页面访问可以看到nginx的欢迎页面：在linux的浏览器的地址栏输入：http://192.168.152.131

1.8 防火墙的关闭和打开

 

#查看防火墙的状态

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status firewalld.service firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)    Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-12-08 00:06:40 CST; 7h ago      Docs: man:firewalld(1)  Main PID: 751 (firewalld)     Tasks: 2    CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service            └─751 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid   Dec 08 00:06:39 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon... Dec 08 00:06:40 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.

#临时性关闭防火墙

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl stop firewalld.service

 

#再次查看防火墙状态

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status firewalld.service firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)    Active: inactive (dead)      Docs: man:firewalld(1) Dec 08 00:06:39 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon... Dec 08 00:06:40 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon. Dec 08 07:09:50 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon... Dec 08 07:09:51 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.