1、Idea运行Tomcat(8.5.66)源码

目录

1、下载Tomcat源码

 2、配置catalina.home目录

3、Tomcat源码用Maven下载依赖,从而导入到Idea

4、Idea 编译报错,缺少类util.CookieFilter

5、默认Tomcat源码未配置JSP引擎,需要修改ContextConfig类,在webConfig();代码下添加如下代码。否则启动Tomcat 后,访问JSP页面报错。

6、配置Idea,Tomcat启动类

7、浏览器打开Tomcat 主页面


1、下载Tomcat源码

源码地址:https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.66/src/apache-tomcat-8.5.66-src.zip

二进制文件地址(Windows或Linux可直接运行):

https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.66/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.66-windows-x64.zip

为什么需要把二进制直接运行的也需要下载下来?不是直接使用源码就可以吗?

  1. Tomcat运行起来,必须要配置项目,如果没有看不到效果。Tomcat源码已经给我们提供了一些案例项目,就是Webapps目录下的应用项目。为了方便简单,这里直接采用Tomcat提供的案例
  2. 源码中的Webapps 目录下的这些项目都没有编译,需要我们自己编译,打开源码可以看到,classes目录下都是 ***.java 文件。如果把未编译的examples项目部署到Tomcat下是不能够正常启动这个项目的。Tomcat 源码之前的有些版本,可以直接使用源码下webapps下的案例,但是这个8.5.66版本,不能使用了,跟踪原因发现源码下的案例都是***.java文件,没有对应的***.class 文件。
  3. 下载二进制直接运行的Tomcat,在Webapps下的都有***.class  已编译的二进制文件,Tomcat可直接加载
  4. 如果未下载已编译二进制的Tomcat,就需要用Ant 在Tomcat源码下编译项目,编译输出的目录output/build/webapps 下的项目即可直接部署到Tomcat。
  5. Ant编译时,有个错误,这里记录一下
ant build时报错:
BUILD FAILED
/Volumes/work/works/projects/apache-tomcat-8.5.66-src/build.xml:780: The following error occurred while executing this line:
/Volumes/work/works/projects/apache-tomcat-8.5.66-src/build.xml:3384: Failed to parse date string 06/06/2021 12:51:22 下午.

这个错误是Ant编译打包时,把当前打包日期写入到jar 包时,字符串格式转换错误。应该是使用的Apache Ant 编译版本有冲突导致的,这里使用的Ant版本是1.10.10。由于对于Ant不是太熟,这里直接把build.xml 文件下的tstamp.file 属性直接改成 123即可(任意字符串即可)。注意,modules/jdbc-pool/build.xml也需要修改。

<!--<format property="tstamp.file" pattern="MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss aa"/>-->
    <format property="tstamp.file" pattern="123"/>

 2、配置catalina.home目录

在Tomcat源码目录下创建"catalina-home"目录,把Tomcat 二进制目录下的conf/lib/webapps 3个目录拷贝到"catalina-home"目录下

tomcat 源码目录如下所示:

 

3、Tomcat源码用Maven下载依赖,从而导入到Idea

在Tomcat目录下创建 pom.xml  pom文件,用来Maven下载Tomcat需要的依赖:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>Tomcat8.5</artifactId>
    <name>Tomcat8.5</name>
    <version>8.5</version>
    <build>
        <finalName>Tomcat8.5</finalName>
        <!-- 指定源文件为java 、test -->
        <sourceDirectory>java</sourceDirectory>
        <testSourceDirectory>test</testSourceDirectory>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>java</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <testResources>
            <testResource>
                <directory>test</directory>
            </testResource>
        </testResources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    <!-- 指定jdk 编译 版本 ,没装jdk 1.7的可以变更为1.6 -->
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <!-- 添加tomcat8 所需jar包依赖 -->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.unboundid</groupId>
            <artifactId>unboundid-ldapsdk</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ant</groupId>
            <artifactId>ant</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>wsdl4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>wsdl4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxrpc</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.easymock</groupId>
            <artifactId>easymock</artifactId>
            <version>4.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler</groupId>
            <artifactId>ecj</artifactId>
            <version>4.6.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

直接用Idea打开当前项目即可,Idea会自动下载依赖,代依赖下载完成后,即可配置Idea,启动Tomcat。

4、Idea 编译报错,缺少类util.CookieFilter

Idea编译时会报异常,缺少类,这个类在GitHub上找到,这里粘贴在这里。把类添加到

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package util;

import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

/**
 * Processes a cookie header and attempts to obfuscate any cookie values that
 * represent session IDs from other web applications. Since session cookie names
 * are configurable, as are session ID lengths, this filter is not expected to
 * be 100% effective.
 *
 * It is required that the examples web application is removed in security
 * conscious environments as documented in the Security How-To. This filter is
 * intended to reduce the impact of failing to follow that advice. A failure by
 * this filter to obfuscate a session ID or similar value is not a security
 * vulnerability. In such instances the vulnerability is the failure to remove
 * the examples web application.
 */
public class CookieFilter {

    private static final String OBFUSCATED = "[obfuscated]";

    private CookieFilter() {
        // Hide default constructor
    }

    public static String filter(String cookieHeader, String sessionId) {

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(cookieHeader.length());

        // Cookie name value pairs are ';' separated.
        // Session IDs don't use ; in the value so don't worry about quoted
        // values that contain ;
        StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(cookieHeader, ";");

        boolean first = true;
        while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
            if (first) {
                first = false;
            } else {
                sb.append(';');
            }
            sb.append(filterNameValuePair(st.nextToken(), sessionId));
        }


        return sb.toString();
    }

    private static String filterNameValuePair(String input, String sessionId) {
        int i = input.indexOf('=');
        if (i == -1) {
            return input;
        }
        String name = input.substring(0, i);
        String value = input.substring(i + 1, input.length());

        return name + "=" + filter(name, value, sessionId);
    }

    public static String filter(String cookieName, String cookieValue, String sessionId) {
        if (cookieName.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).contains("jsessionid") &&
                (sessionId == null || !cookieValue.contains(sessionId))) {
            cookieValue = OBFUSCATED;
        }

        return cookieValue;
    }
}

5、默认Tomcat源码为配置JSP引擎,需要修改ContextConfig类,在webConfig();代码下添加如下代码。否则启动Tomcat 后,访问JSP页面报错。

 webConfig();
 //启动后访问tomcat页面,包错 org.apache.jasper.JasperException: 无法为JSP编译类;
//没有JSP 解析问题,添加如下代码即可
context.addServletContainerInitializer(new JasperInitializer(),null);

 

6、配置Idea,Tomcat启动类

在Run/Debug Configurations 配置Application  启动类配置。

Main class:org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap

VM  options :-Dcatalina.home=catalina-home

配置完成后,可直接点击调试按钮,启动Tomcat了,控制台如下打印时,说明启动成功。

7、浏览器打开Tomcat 主页面

浏览器访问如下地址即可:http://localhost:8080

至此,Tomcat 8.5.66 源码已经用Idea成功编译并运行,后续会在此基础上讲解Tomcat源码相关信息。

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