【视音频复用器】

把mp3和h264合成mp4

参考雷神的文章
最简单的基于FFmpeg的封装格式处理：视音频复用器（muxer）
雷神的文章是2014年的，当前的ffmpeg版本已经到5了，有的api已经过期，需要使用新的api。
当前的开发工具：vs2019
ffmpeg版本：5.1
修改的部分主要是编码器参数的拷贝改成了调用
avcodec_parameters_copy

代码如下：

/**
 * 最简单的基于FFmpeg的视音频复用器
 * Simplest FFmpeg Muxer
 *
 * 雷霄骅 Lei Xiaohua
 * leixiaohua1020@126.com
 * 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术
 * Communication University of China / Digital TV Technology
 * http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020
 *
 * 本程序可以将视频码流和音频码流打包到一种封装格式中。
 * 程序中将AAC编码的音频码流和H.264编码的视频码流打包成
 * MPEG2TS封装格式的文件。
 * 需要注意的是本程序并不改变视音频的编码格式。
 *
 * This software mux a video bitstream and a audio bitstream
 * together into a file.
 * In this example, it mux a H.264 bitstream (in MPEG2TS) and
 * a AAC bitstream file together into MP4 format file.
 *
 */

#include <stdio.h>

#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS

#ifdef _WIN32
 //Windows
extern "C"
{
#include "libavformat/avformat.h"
};
#else
 //Linux...
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
};
#endif
#endif

/*
FIX: H.264 in some container format (FLV, MP4, MKV etc.) need
"h264_mp4toannexb" bitstream filter (BSF)
  *Add SPS,PPS in front of IDR frame
  *Add start code ("0,0,0,1") in front of NALU
H.264 in some container (MPEG2TS) don't need this BSF.
*/
//'1': Use H.264 Bitstream Filter 
#define USE_H264BSF 0

/*
FIX:AAC in some container format (FLV, MP4, MKV etc.) need
"aac_adtstoasc" bitstream filter (BSF)
*/
//'1': Use AAC Bitstream Filter 
#define USE_AACBSF 0



int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	const AVOutputFormat* ofmt = NULL;
	//Input AVFormatContext and Output AVFormatContext
	AVFormatContext* ifmt_ctx_v = NULL, * ifmt_ctx_a = NULL, * ofmt_ctx = NULL;
	AVPacket* pkt;
	int ret, i;
	int videoindex_v = -1, videoindex_out = -1;
	int audioindex_a = -1, audioindex_out = -1;
	int frame_index = 0;
	int64_t cur_pts_v = 0, cur_pts_a = 0;

	//const char *in_filename_v = "cuc_ieschool.ts";//Input file URL
	const char* in_filename_v = "cuc_ieschool.h264";
	//const char *in_filename_a = "cuc_ieschool.mp3";
	//const char *in_filename_a = "gowest.m4a";
	//const char *in_filename_a = "gowest.aac";
	const char* in_filename_a = "cuc_ieschool.mp3";

	const char* out_filename = "cuc_ieschool.mp4";//Output file URL

	//Input
	if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx_v, in_filename_v, 0, 0)) < 0) {
		printf("Could not open input file.");
		goto end;
	}
	if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx_v, 0)) < 0) {
		printf("Failed to retrieve input stream information");
		goto end;
	}

	if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&ifmt_ctx_a, in_filename_a, 0, 0)) < 0) {
		printf("Could not open input file.");
		goto end;
	}
	if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx_a, 0)) < 0) {
		printf("Failed to retrieve input stream information");
		goto end;
	}
	printf("===========Input Information==========\n");
	av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx_v, 0, in_filename_v, 0);
	av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx_a, 0, in_filename_a, 0);
	printf("======================================\n");
	//Output
	avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, NULL, out_filename);
	if (!ofmt_ctx) {
		printf("Could not create output context\n");
		ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
		goto end;
	}
	ofmt = ofmt_ctx->oformat;

	for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx_v->nb_streams; i++) {
		//Create output AVStream according to input AVStream
		if (ifmt_ctx_v->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
			AVStream* in_stream = ifmt_ctx_v->streams[i];
			AVStream* out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
			videoindex_v = i;
			if (!out_stream) {
				printf("Failed allocating output stream\n");
				ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
				goto end;
			}
			videoindex_out = out_stream->index;

			avcodec_parameters_copy(out_stream->codecpar, in_stream->codecpar);
			//Copy the settings of AVCodecContext
			//if (avcodec_copy_context(out_stream->codec, in_stream->codec) < 0) {
			//	printf("Failed to copy context from input to output stream codec context\n");
			//	goto end;
			//}
			//out_stream->codecpar->codec_tag = 0;
			//if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
			//	out_stream->codecpar->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
			break;
		}
	}

	for (i = 0; i < ifmt_ctx_a->nb_streams; i++) {
		//Create output AVStream according to input AVStream
		if (ifmt_ctx_a->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
			AVStream* in_stream = ifmt_ctx_a->streams[i];
			AVStream* out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
			audioindex_a = i;
			if (!out_stream) {
				printf("Failed allocating output stream\n");
				ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
				goto end;
			}
			audioindex_out = out_stream->index;

			avcodec_parameters_copy(out_stream->codecpar, in_stream->codecpar);
			//Copy the settings of AVCodecContext
			//if (avcodec_copy_context(out_stream->codec, in_stream->codec) < 0) {
			//	printf("Failed to copy context from input to output stream codec context\n");
			//	goto end;
			//}
			//out_stream->codec->codec_tag = 0;
			//if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
			//	out_stream->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;

			break;
		}
	}

	printf("==========Output Information==========\n");
	av_dump_format(ofmt_ctx, 0, out_filename, 1);
	printf("======================================\n");
	//Open output file
	if (!(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
		if (avio_open(&ofmt_ctx->pb, out_filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE) < 0) {
			printf("Could not open output file '%s'", out_filename);
			goto end;
		}
	}
	//Write file header
	if (avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL) < 0) {
		printf("Error occurred when opening output file\n");
		goto end;
	}


	//FIX
#if USE_H264BSF
	AVBitStreamFilterContext* h264bsfc = av_bitstream_filter_init("h264_mp4toannexb");
#endif
#if USE_AACBSF
	AVBitStreamFilterContext* aacbsfc = av_bitstream_filter_init("aac_adtstoasc");
#endif

	pkt = av_packet_alloc();
	while (1) {
		AVFormatContext* ifmt_ctx;
		int stream_index = 0;
		AVStream* in_stream, * out_stream;

		//Get an AVPacket
		if (av_compare_ts(cur_pts_v, ifmt_ctx_v->streams[videoindex_v]->time_base, cur_pts_a, ifmt_ctx_a->streams[audioindex_a]->time_base) <= 0) {
			ifmt_ctx = ifmt_ctx_v;
			stream_index = videoindex_out;

			if (av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, pkt) >= 0) {
				do {
					in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[pkt->stream_index];
					out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index];

					if (pkt->stream_index == videoindex_v) {
						//FIX：No PTS (Example: Raw H.264)
						//Simple Write PTS
						if (pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
							//Write PTS
							AVRational time_base1 = in_stream->time_base;
							//Duration between 2 frames (us)
							int64_t calc_duration = (double)AV_TIME_BASE / av_q2d(in_stream->r_frame_rate);
							//Parameters
							pkt->pts = (double)(frame_index * calc_duration) / (double)(av_q2d(time_base1) * AV_TIME_BASE);
							pkt->dts = pkt->pts;
							pkt->duration = (double)calc_duration / (double)(av_q2d(time_base1) * AV_TIME_BASE);
							frame_index++;
						}

						cur_pts_v = pkt->pts;
						break;
					}
				} while (av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, pkt) >= 0);
			}
			else {
				break;
			}
		}
		else {
			ifmt_ctx = ifmt_ctx_a;
			stream_index = audioindex_out;
			if (av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, pkt) >= 0) {
				do {
					in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[pkt->stream_index];
					out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[stream_index];

					if (pkt->stream_index == audioindex_a) {

						//FIX：No PTS
						//Simple Write PTS
						if (pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
							//Write PTS
							AVRational time_base1 = in_stream->time_base;
							//Duration between 2 frames (us)
							int64_t calc_duration = (double)AV_TIME_BASE / av_q2d(in_stream->r_frame_rate);
							//Parameters
							pkt->pts = (double)(frame_index * calc_duration) / (double)(av_q2d(time_base1) * AV_TIME_BASE);
							pkt->dts = pkt->pts;
							pkt->duration = (double)calc_duration / (double)(av_q2d(time_base1) * AV_TIME_BASE);
							frame_index++;
						}
						cur_pts_a = pkt->pts;

						break;
					}
				} while (av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, pkt) >= 0);
			}
			else {
				break;
			}

		}

		//FIX:Bitstream Filter
#if USE_H264BSF
		av_bitstream_filter_filter(h264bsfc, in_stream->codec, NULL, &pkt.data, &pkt.size, pkt.data, pkt.size, 0);
#endif
#if USE_AACBSF
		av_bitstream_filter_filter(aacbsfc, out_stream->codec, NULL, &pkt.data, &pkt.size, pkt.data, pkt.size, 0);
#endif


		//Convert PTS/DTS
		pkt->pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt->pts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
		pkt->dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt->dts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding)(AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF | AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
		pkt->duration = av_rescale_q(pkt->duration, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
		pkt->pos = -1;
		pkt->stream_index = stream_index;

		printf("Write 1 Packet. size:%5d\tpts:%lld\n", pkt->size, pkt->pts);
		//Write
		if (av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, pkt) < 0) {
			printf("Error muxing packet\n");
			break;
		}
		av_packet_unref(pkt);

	}
	av_packet_free(&pkt);
	//Write file trailer
	av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx);

#if USE_H264BSF
	av_bitstream_filter_close(h264bsfc);
#endif
#if USE_AACBSF
	av_bitstream_filter_close(aacbsfc);
#endif

end:
	avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx_v);
	avformat_close_input(&ifmt_ctx_a);
	/* close output */
	if (ofmt_ctx && !(ofmt->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))
		avio_close(ofmt_ctx->pb);
	avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);
	if (ret < 0 && ret != AVERROR_EOF) {
		printf("Error occurred.\n");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}