java求解 集合的子集

方式1:我们知道子集个数 2的n次方

比如a,b,c的子集

     * 000  0  {}
     *001  1   a
     *010  2   b
     *011  3   a,b (b,a)
     *100  4   c
     * 101  5   a,c (c,a)
     * 110  6   b,c (c,b)
     * 111  7   a,b,c

利用二进制的对应关系

	@Test
	public void test1() throws Exception {
		
		Set<ArrayList<Integer>> subsets = getSubsets( Arrays.asList(1,2,6));
		Set<ArrayList<String>> subsets2 = getSubsets( Arrays.asList("a","b","c"));
		Set<ArrayList<Character>> subsets3 = getSubsets( Arrays.asList('b','c','d'));
		System.out.println(subsets);
		System.out.println(subsets2);
		System.out.println(subsets3);
	}
	
	//集合接受各种类型数据
	public  <T> Set<ArrayList<T>> getSubsets(List<T> subList) {
		//考虑去重
		Set<ArrayList<T>> allsubsets = new LinkedHashSet<>();
		int max = 1 << subList.size();
		for (int loop = 0; loop < max; loop++) {
			int index = 0;
			int temp = loop;
			ArrayList <T> currentCharList = new ArrayList<T>();
			//控制索引
			while (temp > 0) {
				if ((temp & 1) > 0) {
					currentCharList.add(subList.get(index));
				}
				temp >>= 1;
				index++;
			}
			allsubsets.add(currentCharList);
		}
		return allsubsets;
	}
	

方式2:归纳法

      @Test
	public void testName() throws Exception {
		Set<List<Integer>> subsets2 = getSubsets2(Arrays.asList(1,2,3));
		System.out.println(subsets2);
	}
	
	//方式2  归纳法
	//从{}和最后一个元素开始,每次迭代加一个元素组成一个新的集合
	public   Set<List<Integer>> getSubsets2(List<Integer> list) {
		  if (list.isEmpty()) {
			 Set<List<Integer>> ans=new LinkedHashSet<>();
			 ans.add(Collections.emptyList());
			 return ans;
		  }
		  
		  Integer first=list.get(0);
		  List<Integer> rest=list.subList(1, list.size());
		  Set<List<Integer>> list1 = getSubsets2(rest);
		  Set<List<Integer>> list2 = insertAll(first, list1);//
		  System.out.println(list1);
		  System.out.println(list2);
		  System.out.println("================");
		  return concat(list1, list2);
	}
	
	
       public   Set<List<Integer>> insertAll(Integer first,Set<List<Integer>> lists){
    	//
    	Set<List<Integer>> result=new LinkedHashSet<>();
    	for (List<Integer> list : lists) {
			List<Integer> copy=new ArrayList<>();
			copy.add(first);
			copy.addAll(list);
			result.add(copy);
		}
    	return result;
	}
    
    //这样写可以不影响lists1,lists2的值
    private Set<List<Integer>> concat(Set<List<Integer>> lists1,Set<List<Integer>> lists2) {
    	Set<List<Integer>> temp=new LinkedHashSet<>(lists1);
    	temp.addAll(lists2);
    	return temp;
	}