【opencv练习13 - File 输入输出】

/******************************************************
    测试程序 - 【 File 输入输出】
    时间：2016年8月24日
******************************************************/

static void help(string av)
{
    cout << endl
        << av << " shows the usage of the OpenCV serialization functionality."            << endl
        << "usage: "                                                                      << endl
        <<  av << " outputfile.yml.gz"                                                    << endl
        << "The output file may be either XML (xml) or YAML (yml/yaml). You can even compress it by "
        << "specifying this in its extension like xml.gz yaml.gz etc... "                 << endl
        << "With FileStorage you can serialize objects in OpenCV by using the << and >> operators" << endl
        << "For example: - create a class and have it serialized"                         << endl
        << "             - use it to read and write matrices."                            << endl;
}

class MyData
{
public:

    //1、空构造
    MyData() : A(0), X(0), id()
    {}

    //2、带参构造
    explicit MyData(int) : A(97), X(CV_PI), id("mydata1234") // explicit to avoid implicit conversion
    {}

    void write(FileStorage& fs) const                        //Write serialization for this class
    {
        //根据文件读写的格式，输入映射的数据【集合名称已输入】
        fs << "{" << "A" << A << "X" << X << "id" << id << "}";
    }

    void read(const FileNode& node)                          //Read serialization for this class
    {
        //读取结点信息
        A = (int)node["A"];
        X = (double)node["X"];
        id = (string)node["id"];
    }
public:   // Data Members
    int A;
    double X;
    string id;
};

//静态类内函数
//These write and read functions must be defined for the serialization in FileStorage to work
/*
参数分析：
FileStorage&        fs//文件头
const std::string&    //
const MyData&       x //结点数据
*/
static void write(FileStorage& fs, const std::string&, const MyData& x)
{
    x.write(fs);
}

/*
参数分析：
const FileNode& node,                       //文件结点
        MyData& x,                          //MyDada x
const   MyData& default_value = MyData()    //MyDate 默认值【构造空间】
*/
static void read(const FileNode& node, MyData& x, const MyData& default_value = MyData())
{
    if(node.empty())
        x = default_value;
    else
        x.read(node);
}

/*
【自定义类的控制台输出——重载<<】

参数分析：
ostream&        out, //输出流out
const MyData&   m    //MyData m
*/
static ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const MyData& m)
{
    out << "{ id = " << m.id << ", ";
    out << "X = " << m.X << ", ";
    out << "A = " << m.A << "}";
    return out;                     //返回输出流
}

int main(void)
{

    //【3、Opencv数据结构的输入输出】
    //【1、打开，关闭XML、YAML文件】
    string filename = "AV";
    { 
        //write
        Mat R = Mat_<uchar>::eye(3, 3),
            T = Mat_<double>::zeros(3, 1);
        MyData m(1);

        //【**文件存储类型】  对象fs
        FileStorage fs(filename, FileStorage::WRITE);        //写方式打开

        fs << "iterationNr" << 100;
        fs << "strings" << "[";                              // 【文本格式 (开始)“name”+ “[”】 【文本——字符串】text - string sequence
        fs << "image1.jpg" << "Awesomeness" << "baboon.jpg";
        fs << "]";                                           // 【文本格式（结束）“]”】        close sequence

        fs << "Mapping";                                     // 【文本格式 (开始)“name”+ “{”】 【文本——映射】 text - mapping
        fs << "{" << "One" << 1;                             // 【文本格式 “name”+ i】
        fs <<        "Two" << 2 << "}";                      // 【文本格式（结束）“}”】

        fs << "R" << R;                                      // cv::Mat
        fs << "T" << T;

        fs << "MyData" << m;                                // 【自定义数据结构对象】

        fs.release();                                       // explicit close
        cout << "Write Done." << endl;
    }

    {//read
        cout << endl << "Reading: " << endl;    //显示
//*****************************************************
        FileStorage fs;                         //文件存储类型  对象fs
        fs.open(filename, FileStorage::READ);   //读方式打开

        //？？？
        int itNr;                               //输出数字【迭代器序列号？】
        //fs["iterationNr"] >> itNr;
        itNr = (int) fs["iterationNr"];
        cout << itNr;
        if (!fs.isOpened())                     //未打开
        {
            cerr << "Failed to open " << filename << endl;
            help(filename);
            return 1;
        }
//*****************************************************
        //【**获取结点】Read string sequence - Get node
        FileNode n = fs["strings"];                        
        if (n.type() != FileNode::SEQ)
        {
            cerr << "strings is not a sequence! FAIL" << endl;
            return 1;
        }

         // 【**遍历结点，读取string】Go through the node
        FileNodeIterator it = n.begin(), it_end = n.end();
        for (; it != it_end; ++it)
            cout << (string)*it << endl;

        // 【读取映射】Read mappings from a sequence
        n = fs["Mapping"];                               
        cout << "Two  " << (int)(n["Two"]) << "; ";
        cout << "One  " << (int)(n["One"]) << endl << endl;


        //【定义新空间，接受读取的信息，Mat，自定义】
        MyData m;                                           
        Mat R, T;               

        fs["R"] >> R;                                       // Read cv::Mat
        fs["T"] >> T;
        fs["MyData"] >> m;                                  // Read your own structure_

        cout << endl
             << "R = " << R << endl;
        cout << "T = " << T << endl << endl;
        cout << "MyData = " << endl << m << endl << endl;   //重载输出运算符的效果

//*****************************************************
        //【尝试读取不存在的结点，结点被初始化为空】Show default behavior for non existing nodes
        cout << "Attempt to read NonExisting (should initialize the data structure with its default)."<<endl;
        cout << "试读取不存在的结点[\"NonExisting\"]（应当使用默认值初始化该数据结构）.";
        fs["NonExisting"] >> m;
        cout << endl << "NonExisting = " << endl << m << endl;
    }

//*****************************************************
    //【打开文本编辑器】
    cout << endl
        << "Tip: Open up " << filename << " with a text editor to see the serialized data." << endl;
    cout<< "小贴士: 使用文本编辑器打开 " << filename << "查看序列化的数据." << endl;

    return 0;
}