C++备忘录096：user-declared vs not-declared special member functions

Engineering Distinguished Speaker Series - Howard Hinnant

user-declared

struct X {
    X() {}
    X();
    X() = delete;
    X() = default;
};

not-declared

struct X {
    template <typename ...T>
    X(T&& ... ts);

    // default ctor is not declared
};

X can be default constructed by using the variadic ctor

difference between not-declared and user-declared

• user-declared participate in overload resolution
• not-declared do not participate in overload resolution

Same example, but with user-declared ctor

struct X {
    template <typename ...T>
    X(T&& ... ts);

    X() = default;
};

X() binds to the default ctor instead of the variadic ctor, since non-template function has higher priority

struct X {
    template <typename ...T>
    X(T&& ... ts);

    X() = delete; // error: use of deleted function
};

separate function to provide strong exception guarantee

template <typename T>
T& strong_assign(T& dest, T src) {
    std::swap(dest, src);
    return dest;
}

Instead of using copy/swap idom for both copy/move assignment, which might have worse performance but strong exception gurantee

struct X {
    X& operator=(X x) { // for both move/copy assignment
        v_.swap(x.v_);
        return *this;
    }
private:
    std::vector<int> v_;
};

For performance, using x = y. For strong exception safety, using strong_assign(x, y)