浅复制与深复制概念
浅复制
被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值,而所有的对其他对象的引用仍然指向原来的对象。换言之,浅复制仅仅复制所考虑的对象,而不复制它所引用的对象。
深复制
被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值,除去那些引用其他对象的变量。那些引用其他对象的变量将指向被复制过的新对象,而不再是原有的那些被引用的对象。换言之,深复制把要复制的对象所引用的对象都复制了一遍。
浅复制的实现:
public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
teacher.setAge(20);
teacher.setName("zhangsan");
Student2 s1 = new Student2();
s1.setAge(21);
s1.setName("lisi");
s1.setTeacher(teacher);
Student2 s2 = (Student2) s1.clone();
System.out.println(s2.getName());
System.out.println(s2.getAge());
teacher.setName("Teacher wang");
System.out.println(s2.getTeacher().getAge());
System.out.println(s2.getTeacher().getName());
}
}
class Teacher implements Cloneable {
private int age;
private String name;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
class Student2 implements Cloneable {
private int age;
private String name;
private Teacher teacher;
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
输出结果:
lisi
21
20
Teacher wang
对上述浅复制进行一定的修改让变成深复制:
对Teacher类也重写clone方法:
class Teacher implements Cloneable {
...
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
...
}
修改Student2类的clone实现:
...
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
Student2 student2 = (Student2) super.clone();
student2.setTeacher((Teacher)student2.getTeacher().clone());
return student2;
}
...
返回的结果:
lisi
21
20
zhangsan
这种方式可以做到深复制的需求,但是如果有错综复杂的对象引用,显然这种方式是不可取的,下面我们用序列化的方式来实现深复制:
把对象写到流里的过程是序列化(Serilization)过程,而把对象从流中读出来的过程则叫做反序列化(Deserialization)过程。应当指出的是,写在流里的对象是一个拷贝,而原对象仍然存在于JVM里面。
在Student类中添加序列化的方法:
...
public Object deepCopy() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
oos.writeObject(this);
ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
return ois.readObject();
}
...