iTOP-4412 杂项字符设备驱动注册

本文完成继上篇  iTOP-4412 虚拟平台注册杂项字符设备，后对应的字符设备驱动注册。

一、驱动头文件 

1、platform_device.h 

路径：iTop4412_Kernel_3.0/include/linux/platform_device.h

部分内容如下：

struct platform_driver {
	int (*probe)(struct platform_device *);
	int (*remove)(struct platform_device *);
	void (*shutdown)(struct platform_device *);
	int (*suspend)(struct platform_device *, pm_message_t state);
	int (*resume)(struct platform_device *);
	struct device_driver driver;
	const struct platform_device_id *id_table;
};

extern int platform_driver_register(struct platform_driver *);
extern void platform_driver_unregister(struct platform_driver *);

驱动注册platform_driver_register

驱动卸载函数platform_driver_unregister

结构体platform_driver 指针函数功能如下：

probe函数 ：platform_match函数匹配之后，驱动调用的初始化函数

remove函数 ：移除驱动函数

shutdown函数 ：掉电驱动函数

suspend函数 ：悬挂（休眠）驱动函数

resume函数 ：休眠后恢复驱动

device_driver：数据结构的两个参数

– name和注册的设备name要一致

– owner一般赋值THIS_MODULE

id_table结构体： 可以使驱动支持更多的设备，通过这个文件具体了解。

https://blog.csdn.net/mcgrady_tracy/article/details/38980991

2、miscdevice.h

路径：iTop4412_Kernel_3.0/include/linux/miscdevice.h

struct miscdevice  {
	int minor;
	const char *name;
	const struct file_operations *fops;
	struct list_head list;
	struct device *parent;
	struct device *this_device;
	const char *nodename;
	mode_t mode;
};

extern int misc_register(struct miscdevice * misc);
extern int misc_deregister(struct miscdevice *misc);

常用的参数
– .minor 设备号
– .name 生成设备节点的名称

– .fops 指向一个设备节点文件

misc_register ：注册杂项设备

misc_deregister ：注销杂项设备

这两个函数在iTop4412_Kernel_3.0/drivers/char/misc.c中定义

3、fs.h

路径：iTop4412_Kernel_3.0/include/linux/fs.h

struct file_operations {
	struct module *owner;
	loff_t (*llseek) (struct file *, loff_t, int);
	ssize_t (*read) (struct file *, char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
	ssize_t (*write) (struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
	......
	long (*unlocked_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
	int (*open) (struct inode *, struct file *);
	......
};

文件的结构体file_operations参数很多，根据需求选择必选的是参数是
– .owner 一般是THIS_MODULE,
– .open 打开文件函数
- .read 读函数
- .write 写函数
– .release 关闭文件函数
– .unlocked_ioctl 对GPIO的操作，应用向底层驱动传值

二、注册杂项设备

杂项设备是对一部分字符设备的封装，杂项设备主设备号 是10，就主设备号只有255个，所以我们在主设备号10下注册次设备。

[root@iTOP-4412]# cat /proc/devices 
Character devices:
  1 mem
  4 ttyS
  5 /dev/tty
  5 /dev/console
  5 /dev/ptmx
 10 misc
 13 input
 21 sg
 29 fb
 81 video4linux
 89 i2c
108 ppp

三、在目录iTop4412_Kernel_3.0/drivers/char/添加文件itop4412_hello.c

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>

/*驱动注册的头文件，包含驱动的结构体和注册和卸载的函数*/
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
/*注册杂项设备头文件*/
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
/*注册设备节点的文件结构体*/
#include <linux/fs.h>

#define DRIVER_NAME "hello_device"
#define DEVICE_NAME "hello"   //设备结点名字  上层运用软件调用驱动结点
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("TOPEET");

static long hello_ioctl( struct file *files, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg){	
	printk("cmd is %d,arg is %ld\n",cmd,arg);
	return 0;
}

static int hello_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){
	printk(KERN_EMERG "hello release\n");
	return 0;
}

static int hello_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){
	printk(KERN_EMERG "hello open\n");
	return 0;
}

static struct file_operations hello_ops = {
	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
	.open = hello_open,
	.release = hello_release,
	.unlocked_ioctl = hello_ioctl,
};

static  struct miscdevice hello_dev = {
	.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
	.name = DEVICE_NAME,
	.fops = &hello_ops,
};


static int hello_probe(struct platform_device *pdv){
	
	printk(KERN_EMERG "\tinitialized\n");
	misc_register(&hello_dev);
	
	return 0;
}

static int hello_remove(struct platform_device *pdv){
	
	printk(KERN_EMERG "\tremove\n");
	misc_deregister(&hello_dev);
	return 0;
}

static void hello_shutdown(struct platform_device *pdv){
	
	;
}

static int hello_suspend(struct platform_device *pdv,pm_message_t pmt){
	
	return 0;
}

static int hello_resume(struct platform_device *pdv){
	
	return 0;
}

struct platform_driver hello_driver = {
	.probe = hello_probe,
	.remove = hello_remove,
	.shutdown = hello_shutdown,
	.suspend = hello_suspend,
	.resume = hello_resume,
	.driver = {
		.name = DRIVER_NAME,   //这个要跟注册的设备名字要相同
		.owner = THIS_MODULE,
	}
};


static int hello_init(void)
{
	int DriverState;
	
	printk(KERN_EMERG "HELLO WORLD enter!\n");
	DriverState = platform_driver_register(&hello_driver);
	
	printk(KERN_EMERG "\tDriverState is %d\n",DriverState);
	return 0;
}


static void hello_exit(void)
{
	printk(KERN_EMERG "HELLO WORLD exit!\n");
	
	platform_driver_unregister(&hello_driver);	
}

module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);

四、在iTop4412_Kernel_3.0/drivers/char/Makefile添加内容

obj-$(CONFIG_HELLO_CTL)		+= itop4412_hello.o

五、编译

make zImage

六、查看是否生成设备结点

[root@iTOP-4412]# ls
AGPS                ion                 ppp                 tty3
HPD                 keychord            ptmx                tty4
adc                 kmem                pts                 ttyGS0
alarm               kmsg                ram0                ttyGS1
android_adb         leds                ram1                ttyGS2
ashmem              log                 ram10               ttyGS3
buzzer_ctl          loop0               ram11               ttyS0
console             loop1               ram12               ttyS1
cpu_dma_latency     loop2               ram13               ttyS2
exynos-mem          loop3               ram14               ttyS3
fb0                 loop4               ram15               ttySAC0
fb1                 loop5               ram2                ttySAC1
fb10                loop6               ram3                ttySAC2
fb11                loop7               ram4                ttySAC3
fb2                 mali                ram5                uinput
fb3                 mapper              ram6                ump
fb4                 max485_ctl_pin      ram7                urandom
fb5                 mem                 ram8                usb_accessory
fb6                 mmcblk0             ram9                usbdev1.1
fb7                 mmcblk0p1           random              usbdev1.2
fb8                 mmcblk0p2           rc522               usbdev1.3
fb9                 mmcblk0p3           relay_ctl           video0
fimg2d              mmcblk0p4           root                video1
full                mmcblk1             rtc0                video11
fuse                mmcblk1p1           rtc1                video12
gps                 mmcblk1p2           s3c-mem             video16
hello               mmcblk1p3           s3c-mfc             video2
i2c-0               mmcblk1p4           shm                 video20
i2c-1               mtp_usb             snd                 video3
i2c-3               network_latency     srp                 watchdog
i2c-4               network_throughput  srp_ctrl            xt_qtaguid
i2c-5               null                tty                 zero
i2c-7               pmem                tty1
input               pmem_gpu1           tty2

我看到已经有hello了。