java-----五子棋小游戏(四)-----解决闪烁问题(双缓冲)

一、双缓冲

    当数据量很大时，绘图可能需要几秒钟甚至更长的时间，而且有时还会出现闪烁现象，为了解决这些问题，可采用双缓冲技术来绘图。

       双缓冲即在内存中创建一个与屏幕绘图区域一致的对象，先将图形绘制到内存中的这个对象上，再一次性将这个对象上的图形拷贝到屏幕上，这样能大大加快绘图的速度。

       BufferImage为image的直接子类，增加了缓冲功能。BufferedImage生成的图片在内存里有一个图像缓冲区，利用这个缓冲区我们可以很方便的操作这个图片，通常用来做图片修改操作如大小变换、图片变灰、设置图片透明或不透明等。

BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(new FileInputStream(filePath));

二、 代码实现

package org.like.game.frame;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

public class FiveChessFrame extends JFrame implements MouseListener
{
	int width = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width;
	int height = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height;
    BufferedImage bgImage = null;
    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;
    
    int[][] allChess = new int[19][19];
    boolean isBlack = true;
    boolean canPlay = true;
    String message = "黑方先行";//提示信息
	public FiveChessFrame()
	{
		this.setTitle("五子棋");
		this.setSize(500,500);
		this.setLocation((width-500)/2,(height-500)/2);
		this.setResizable(false);
		this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		this.setVisible(true);
		
		this.addMouseListener(this);
		try
		{
			bgImage = ImageIO.read(new File("F:/mypicture/java/background.jpg"));
		}
		catch (IOException e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public void paint(Graphics g)
	{//建立一个缓冲图对象，选择RGB模式
		BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(500, 500, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		Graphics g2 = bi.createGraphics();//通过bi实例化Graphics类
		g2.setColor(Color.BLACK);//设置颜色
		g2.drawImage(bgImage,3,20,this);//以下都是把内容先画到bi的缓冲区中
		g2.setFont(new Font("黑体",Font.BOLD,20));
		g2.drawString("游戏信息:"+message, 150, 50);//提示该哪边下棋
		g2.setFont(new Font("宋体",0,14));
		g2.drawString("黑方时间：无限制", 45, 470);
		g2.drawString("白方时间：无限制", 260, 470);
		for(int i=0;i<19;i++)
		{
		   g2.drawLine(13, 70+20*i, 372, 70+20*i);
		   g2.drawLine(13+20*i,70,13+20*i,430);
		}	
		g2.fillOval(71, 128, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(311, 128, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(311, 368, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(71, 368, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(311, 248, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(191, 128, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(71, 248, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(191, 368, 4, 4);
		g2.fillOval(191, 248, 4, 4);

		for(int i=0;i<19;i++)
		{
			for(int j=0;j<19;j++)
			{
				if(allChess[i][j] == 1)
				{
					x = i * 20 + 13;
					y = j * 20 + 70;
					g2.fillOval(x-7, y-7, 14, 14);
				}
				if(allChess[i][j] == 2)
				{
					x = i * 20 + 13;
					y = j * 20 + 70;
					g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
					g2.fillOval(x-7, y-7, 14, 14);
					g2.setColor(Color.BLACK);
					g2.drawOval(x-7, y-7, 14, 14);
				}
			}
		}
		g.drawImage(bi, 0, 0, this);//将bi缓冲区中的内容一次性画到(this)当前窗口
	}
	
	@Override
	public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e)
	{
	

	}

	@Override
	public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e)
	{
		if(canPlay == true)
		{
    	    x = e.getX();
    	    y = e.getY();
    	    if(x >= 13 && x <= 372 && y >= 70 && y <= 430)
    	    {
    	    	x = (x - 13) / 20;
    	    	y = (y - 70) / 20;
    	    	if(allChess[x][y] == 0)
    	    	{
        	    	if(isBlack)
        	    	{
        	    		allChess[x][y] = 1;
        	    		isBlack = false;
        	    		message = "轮到白方下棋";
        	    	}
        	    	else
        	    	{
        	    		allChess[x][y] = 2;
        	    		isBlack = true;
        	    		message = "轮到黑方下棋";
        	    	}
        	    	this.repaint();
        	    	boolean winFlag = this.checkWin();
        	    	if(winFlag == true)
        	    	{
        	    		JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "游戏结束"+(allChess[x][y] == 1?"黑方":"白棋")+"获胜！");
        	    	    canPlay = false;
        	    	}
    	        }
    	    	else
    	    	{
    	    		JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "当前位置已经有棋子了，请重新落子！");
    	    	}
    	    }
	    }
 
	}

	@Override
	public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e)
	{
	

	}

	@Override
	public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e)
	{
	
	}

	@Override
	public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e)
	{
		

	}

	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		FiveChessFrame ff = new FiveChessFrame(); 

	}
	
	private boolean checkWin()
	{
		boolean flag = false;
		int count = 1;
		int color = allChess[x][y];
		count = this.checkCount(1, 0, color);
		if (count >= 5) 
		{
			flag = true;
		} 
		else 
		{
			// 判断纵向
			count = this.checkCount(0, 1, color);
			if (count >= 5) 
			{
				flag = true;
			} 
			else 
			{
				// 判断右上、左下
				count = this.checkCount(1, -1, color);
				if (count >= 5) 
				{
					flag = true;
				} 
				else 
				{
					// 判断右下、左上
					count = this.checkCount(1, 1, color);
					if (count >= 5) 
					{
						flag = true;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		return flag;
	}
	
	private int checkCount(int xChange, int yChange, int color) 
	{
		int count = 1;
		int tempX = xChange;
		int tempY = yChange;
		while (x + xChange >= 0 && x + xChange <= 18 && y + yChange >= 0&& y + yChange <= 18
				&& color == allChess[x + xChange][y + yChange]) 
		{
			count++;
			if (xChange != 0)
				xChange++;
			if (yChange != 0) {
				if (yChange > 0)
					yChange++;
				else {
					yChange--;
				}
			}
		}
		xChange = tempX;
		yChange = tempY;
		while (x - xChange >= 0 && x - xChange <= 18 && y - yChange >= 0&& y - yChange <= 18
				&& color == allChess[x - xChange][y - yChange]) 
		{
			count++;
			if (xChange != 0)
				xChange++;
			if (yChange != 0) {
				if (yChange > 0)
					yChange++;
				else {
					yChange--;
				}
			}
		}
		return count;
	}
	
}

三、 效果展示