默认路由造成的往复转发

woooooon

于 2024-07-11 12:20:52 发布

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实验验证TTL耗尽场景，创建如下图的拓扑
在这里插入图片描述
配置各设备地址
PC1

PC-1> ip 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
PC-1> save

PC2

PC-2> ip 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
PC-2> save

R1#configure terminal 
R1(config)#interface f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface s2/0       
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0 
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 
R1(config-if)#^Z
R1#copy running-config startup-config

R2#configure terminal 
R2(config)#interface s2/1         
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#^Z    
R2#copy  running-config startup-config

配置默认路由
R1

R1#configure terminal 
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.0.2

R2#configure terminal 
R2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.0.1

PC1 ping PC2 能通

PC-1> ping 192.168.2.2
192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout
84 bytes from 192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=59.840 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=59.839 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=59.794 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.2.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 time=59.796 ms

PC1 ping 其他不存在的IP时候，会出现TTL耗尽的情况（TTL expired in transit）

PC-1> ping 192.169.2.2
192.169.2.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout
*172.16.0.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=972.458 ms (ICMP type:11, code:0, TTL expired in transit)
*172.16.0.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=972.593 ms (ICMP type:11, code:0, TTL expired in transit)
*172.16.0.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=972.581 ms (ICMP type:11, code:0, TTL expired in transit)