树莓派安装python3-opencv依赖异常问题

一、问题

输入：sudo apt install python3-opencv ，安装途中报错。提示各种依赖问题。

二、查看硬件架构

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ uname -an
Linux raspberrypi 6.1.21-v8+ #1642 SMP PREEMPT Mon Apr  3 17:24:16 BST 2023 aarch64 GNU/Linux
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

通过查看系统信息可知，树莓派4B的硬件架构是aarch64；

三、设置镜像源

选择aarch64用户的配置。用以下内容替换原“/etc/apt/sources.list”里的内容

1. 先替换sources.list里面的内容

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

用下面的内容替换

# aarch64 用户：编辑 `/etc/apt/sources.list` 文件，用以下内容取代：
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free


2.再替换raspi.list里面的内容
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list

用下面的内容替换
# 对于两个架构，编辑 `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list` 文件，删除原文件所有内容，用以下内容取代：
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ bullseye main

3.换源之后更新源
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

更新途中可能会出现缺少密钥警告，输入
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32

3B4FE6ACC0B21F32是缺少的密钥，缺少什么就下什么

四、安装OpenCV

sudo apt install python3-opencv

顺利安装完成后，验证安装

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ python3
Python 3.9.2 (default, Mar 12 2021, 04:06:34)
[GCC 10.2.1 20210110] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'4.5.1'
>>>

成功安装，输入exit()，退出。