oracle 11G rac搭建

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-23 08:41:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-04-23 08:41:36 发布

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分类专栏： ORACLE 文章标签： Oracle 11g Oracle

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u011492628/article/details/10108555

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ORACLE11GR2 RAC服务器组建过程

一．测试环境：

虚拟机软件：VMWARE SERVER 2.0

OS操作系统: RedHat 5 update 4 (2台)

Oracle: oracle 11g r2

主机名	SID	ETH0	VIP	PRIV
testdb1	testdb1	192.168.2.111	192.168.2.113	10.1.1.211
testdb2	testdb2	192.168.2.112	192.168.2.114	10.1.1.212
SCANIP 192.168.2.115,192.168.2.116, 192.168.2.117 SCANNAME-testdb-SCAN

二、虚拟机的文件设置：

修改你的虚拟机配置文件（vmware configure file）.在这个文件的最后边加上三个参数

disk.locking =FALSE

scsi1.sharedBus ="virtual"

scsi1:0.mode ="persistent"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize= "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize= "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize= "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize= "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites= "0"

三、DNS 配置

Oracle11gr2 RAC 是使用Single Client Access Name(SCAN),所以要DNS服务器来对SCANIP进行解析。以上是对DNS服务器的相关配置。

这里是把DNS服务器放在节点一中来进行解析。

1. DNS服务器所需要的RPM包：

bind-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2

bind-libs-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2

bind-chroot-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2

bind-utils-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2

bind-devel-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2

bind-sdb-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2

caching-nameserver-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2

2. 对DNS主配置文件

由于REDHAT5.0是用chroot来对DNS服务器的配置。所以直接去/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

在named.conf 添加以下内容

options {

listen-on port 53 {192.168.2.111;};

directory "/var/named";

dump-file "/var/named/cache_dump.db";

statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

allow-query {192.168.2.0/24;};

};

include "/etc/rndc.key";

zone "domain.com" {

type master;

file "/var/named/domain.com.hosts";

};

zone "2.168.192.in-addr.arpa"{

type master;

file "/var/named/192.168.2.rev";

};

zone "1.1.10.in-addr.arpa"{

type master;

file "/var/named/10.1.1.rev";

};

3. 编辑正向，反向解析配置文件

DNS服务器需要对服务器的名字进行正向，反向的解释。Named的默认目录是/var/named/chroot里面.以下是正向解释

Cd /var/named/chroot/var/named

Vi domain.com.hosts

$ttl 86400

@ IN SOA testdb1.domain.com. root.domain.com.(

1282236195

10800

3600

604800

38400 )

@ IN NS testdb1.domain.com.

testdb1.domain.com. IN A192.168.2.111

testdb2.domain.com. IN A192.168.2.112

testdb-scan.domain.com. IN A192.168.2.115

testdb1-priv.domain.com. IN A 10.1.1.121

testdb2-priv.domain.com. IN A 10.1.1.122

testdb1-vip.domain.com. IN A192.168.2.113

testdb2-vip.domain.com. IN A192.168.2.114

testdb-scan.domain.com. IN A192.168.2.116

testdb-scan.domain.com. IN A192.168.2.117

还要反向对public,以及private进行解释

Public的反向解释：

Vi 192.168.2.rev

$ttl 86400

@ IN SOAtestdb01.domain.com. root.domain.com.(

1282236195

10800

3600

604800

38400 )

@ IN NS testdb1.domain.com.

111.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR testdb1.domain.com.

112.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR testdb2.domain.com.

113.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR testdb1-vip.domain.com.

114.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR testdb2-vip.domain.com.

115.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR testdb-scan.domain.com.

116.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR testdb-scan.domain.com.

117.2.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR testdb-scan.domain.com.

Private 的反向解释：

Vi 10.1.1.rev

$ttl 86400

@ IN SOA testdb1.domail.com. root.domain.com(

1282248634

10800

3600

604800

38400)

@ IN NS testdb1.domail.com.

121.1.1.10.in-addr.arpa IN PTR testdb1-priv.domain.com.

122.1.1.10.in-addr.arpa IN PTR testdb2-priv.domain.com.

然后启动DNS服务：

Service named restart

配置连接的DNS连接

Vi /etc/resolv.conf

search domain.com

nameserver 192.168.2.111

4. 对DNS进行正向，反向验证

正向验证

[root@testdb1named]# nslookup

>testdb-scan.domain.com

Server: 192.168.2.111

Address: 192.168.2.111#53

Name: testdb-scan.domain.com

Address:192.168.2.117

Name: testdb-scan.domain.com

Address:192.168.2.115

Name: testdb-scan.domain.com

Address:192.168.2.116

反向验证

[root@testdb1named]# host 192.168.2.115

115.2.168.192.in-addr.arpadomain name pointer testdb-scan.domain.com.

三、主机名设置：

分别在两台节点做以下设定计算机名

Hostname rac1 (一机)

Hostname rac2 （二机）

Vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomainlocalhost

::1 localhost6.localdomain6localhost6

192.168.2.100 rac1

192.168.2.101 rac2

192.168.2.102 rac1-vip

192.168.2.103 rac2-vip

172.168.1.1 rac1-priv

172.168.1.2 rac2-priv

192.168.2.104 rac-scan

192.168.2.105 rac-scan

192.168.2.106 rac-scan

注意SCAN的计算机名

二．安装ORACLE所需要的RPM包：

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.x86_64.rpm

binutils-devel-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.i386.rpm

binutils-devel-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5.x86_64.rpm

compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm

compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.x86_64.rpm

control-center-2.16.0-16.el5.i386.rpm

control-center-2.16.0-16.el5.x86_64.rpm

control-center-devel-2.16.0-16.el5.i386.rpm

control-center-devel-2.16.0-16.el5.x86_64.rpm

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.x86_64.rpm

elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm

elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5.x86_64.rpm

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.x86_64.rpm

elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm

elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.x86_64.rpm

expat-1.95.8-8.3.el5_4.2.i386.rpm

expat-1.95.8-8.3.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm

expat-devel-1.95.8-8.3.el5_4.2.i386.rpm

expat-devel-1.95.8-8.3.el5_4.2.x86_64.rpm

gcc-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm

gcc-c++-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm

glibc-2.5-49.i686.rpm

glibc-2.5-49.x86_64.rpm

glibc-common-2.5-49.x86_64.rpm

glibc-devel-2.5-49.i386.rpm

glibc-devel-2.5-49.x86_64.rpm

glibc-headers-2.5-49.x86_64.rpm

libaio-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm

libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm

libaio-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm

libaio-0.3.106-5.x86_64.rpm

libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm

libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.x86_64.rpm

libgcc-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm

libgcc-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm

libstdc++-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm

libstdc++-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm

libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-48.el5.i386.rpm

libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-48.el5.x86_64.rpm

libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm

libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm

libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386

libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm

make-3.81-3.el5.x86_64.rpm

openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1.i386.rpm

openmotif-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1.x86_64.rpm

openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1.i386.rpm

openmotif-devel-2.3.1-2.el5_4.1.x86_64.rpm

make-3.81-3.el5.x86_64.rpm

pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.x86_64.rpm

sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.x86_64.rpm

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.x86_64.rpm

unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm

unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.x86_64.rpm

四、设置系统的核心参数：

Vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 1024000000

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 6815744 (512 x processes for example6815744 for 13312 processes)

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 4194304

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

保存后退出

然后

执行sysctl –p

Vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required pam_limits.so

保存后退出

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

保存退出

Vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER ="grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL ="/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

umask 022

保存退出

注意：以上几点两台节点都需设置。

五、建立用户和组

建立组：

Groupadd –g 500oinstall;

Groupadd –g 501dba

Groupadd –g 502asmdba

Groupadd –g 503asmadmin

Groupadd –g 504 asmoper

Groupadd –g 505oper

建立用户

Useradd –u600 -g oinstall –G dba,asmdba,oper oracle

Useradd –u601 –g asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid

Passwd oracle

Passwd grid

六、设置用户环境参数：

vi/home/grid/.bash_profile

export PATH

exportORACLE_SID=+ASM1

exportORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid/crs

exportORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0

exportJAVA_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME/jdk

exportORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/sql

exportORACLE_TERM=xterm

exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"

exportTNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

exportORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

export PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

exportPATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin

exportPATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE

exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib

exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib

exportTHREADS_FLAG=native

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

umask 022

vi/home/oracle/.bash_profile

exportORACLE_SID=rac1

exportORACLE_UNQNAME=rac

exportORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle

exportORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/11.2.0/dbhome_1

exportJAVA_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME/jdk

exportORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/sql

exportORACLE_TERM=xterm

exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"

exportTNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

exportPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

exportPATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin

exportPATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE

exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib

exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib

exportTHREADS_FLAG=native

export TEMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=/tmp

umask 022

重点：注意第二个节点要改两个用户的相应SID,

GRID用户ORACLE_HOME不能放在ORACLE_BASE里面

七、建立用户的目录并对用户的目录属主及权限进行设置

Mkdir –p /u01/app/grid/crs

Mkdir –p /u01/app/grid/11.2.0

Mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle

Mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0/db_1

Chown –R grid.oinstall /u01/app/grid/

Chmod –R 775 /u01/app/grid

Chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle

Chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

八、对共享磁盘进行分区：

Fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda:42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes

255 heads, 63sectors/track, 5221 cylinders

Units = cylindersof 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 26 286 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda3 287 5221 39640387+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb:32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylindersof 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 3916 31455238+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdc:32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes

255 heads, 63sectors/track, 3916 cylinders

Units = cylindersof 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 1 609 4891761 83 Linux

/dev/sdc2 610 1826 9775552+ 83 Linux

/dev/sdc3 1827 3043 9775552+ 83 Linux

/dev/sdc4 3044 3916 7012372+ 83 Linux

这里是以/DEV/SDC作为共享盘，在这里已经进行了分区。

九、安装ASM包，并对ASM进行设置，以及读入ASM盘

Uname –a

2.6.18-164.el5

DOWNLOAD SOFTFROM:

oracleasm-2.6.18-164.15.1.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm

serviceoracleasm restart

serviceoralceasm enable

serviceoracleasm configure

Thiswill configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library

driver.The following questions will determine whether the driver is

loadedon boot and what permissions it will have. The current values

willbe shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an answerwill keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Defaultuser to own the driver interface []: grid

Defaultgroup to own the driver iCRerface []: asmdba

StartOracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y

Scanfor Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y

WritingOracle ASM library driver configuration: done

然后对共享盘进行CREATE

Oracleasmcreatedisk ocr /dev/sdc1

Oracleasmcreatedisk data /dev/sdc2

Oracleasmcreatedisk archv /dev/sdc3

Oracleasmcreatedisk fre /dev/sdc4

然后在另外一个节点对ASM盘进行SCAN:

Oracleasmscandisks

Oracleasmlistdisks

十、把系统的NTP服务停止及修改

Servicentpd stop

Chkconfigntpd off

Mv/etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

Vi/etc/sysconfig

OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p/var/run/ntpd.pid"

十一建立SSH用户等效性配置

Su – grid

Mkdir –p ~/.ssh

Chmod 700 ~/.ssh

/usr/bin/ssh-keygen –t rsa

/usr/bin/ssh-keygen –t dsa

Ssh rac1 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Ssh rac1 cat~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Ssh rac2cat~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Ssh rac2cat~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys rac2:~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

ORACLE用户的SSH等效性配置，和GRID用户的方法和步骤一致。

十二、安装grid

首先在两个节点安装cvuqdisk

Export CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall

Rpm –ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm

然后su – grid

./runcluvfy.sh stage –pre crsinst –n rac1,rac2 –fixup –verbose

注意结果的FAILED的结果，

./runcluvfy.shstage -post hwos -n rac1,rac2 –verbose

./runInstall

在runInstall前需要用ROOT用记进行xhost +

注意这里的SCANNAME必须同HOSTNAME的SCANNAME相同

注意这里的目录是GRID的ORACLE_BASE及ORACLE_HOME所要注意的不在同一个目录。

由于这是虚拟机所以内存不够,可以忽略.

然后分别以ROOT用户进行运行上图的脚本。

十三安装ORACLE11G R2

用oracle用户运行runInstall,进行安装ORACLE

直接按YES就可以了

因为等下用DBCA建库，所以这里选择只安装软件。

选择安装RAC集群.

在这里选择安装语言

选择安装企业版。

安装ORACLE的路径，包括ORACLE_BASE和ORACLE_HOME的路径。

十四、ASM 磁盘组建立图解：

用GRID用户，运行asmca进行配置

十五 DBCA建立数据库

用ORACLE用户运行DBCA命令进行建立数据：

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oracle 11G rac搭建

ORACLE11GR2 RAC服务器组建过程一．测试环境：虚拟机软件：VMWARE SERVER 2.0OS操作系统: RedHat 5 update 4 (2台)Oracle: oracle 11g r2主机名SIDETH0VIPPRIVtestdb1testdb1
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