leetcode-47. Permutations II

126 篇文章 0 订阅
44 篇文章 0 订阅

leetcode-47. Permutations II

题目:

Given a collection of numbers that might contain duplicates, return all possible unique permutations.

For example,
[1,1,2] have the following unique permutations:
[
[1,1,2],
[1,2,1],
[2,1,1]
]

这题和前一题比较类似46题博客正好也跟我之前说的思路比较接近。
主要要解决两个问题:
第一个问题是如何排序,总的来说常规的思路,就是建一个list,然后不断的加不同位置的值进去。并且在不同的迭代层次插入和删除元素,完成回溯。这也是java比较好实现的一种典型的回溯法。但是就这题来说其实也可以使用交换数组中固定元素的方式来遍历。但是这里有个无关算法的小trick,就是Arrays.asList(int[])类型是不能添加到集合中的,因为返回的是List<int[]>,如果你希望int[]转换为collection的话要么先转换成Integer填完值,然后再用collection.add(Arrays.asList<Integer[]>),要么你就重建个collection,然后依次把值填充进去,这是java的历史遗留问题。没办法。

第二个问题是如何解决重复问题。因为46题中是不重复的nums,这样只要判断list中释放包含当前位置的值就行,但是如果有重复值就没有办法使用这种方法判断,要判断是否重复,有两类比较简单的思路一类是使用boolean []来维护当前的位置释放被使用过,另一类是使用hashset。第一类比较好理解,就是跟着list.add()和list.remove()一起做操作。第二类有一个问题需要说明一下,我在使用hashset的方法的时候想法是把所有的排序都列出来然后添加到hashSet,然后再将set转换成list结果,且不说能不能实现。这种思路一个最大的弊病是必须将全部的搜索空间都搜索完才能知道那些是有用的结果。所以时间复杂度比较高。而正确的使用hashset的方式是在每一个迭代层次维护一个hashset,或者说每个最终在结果的第i位维护一个hashset。如果遇到重复的值则不需要搜索,这样hashset既可以防止重复的情况,也可以减少搜索空间。

解1来源
解2来源
类似解2的另一实现

public class Solution {
    public List<List<Integer>> permuteUnique(int[] nums) {
        List<List<Integer>> ret = new ArrayList<List<Integer>>();
        boolean[] used = new boolean [nums.length];
        Arrays.sort(nums);
        helper(ret,nums,new ArrayList<Integer>(),used);
        return ret;
    }

    private void helper(List<List<Integer>> ret , int[] nums, List<Integer> list ,boolean[] used){
        if(list.size()==nums.length){
            ret.add(new ArrayList<Integer>(list));
            return ;
        }

        for(int i = 0 ; i < nums.length ; i++){
            if(used[i]) continue;
            if(i>0 && nums[i]==nums[i-1] && !used[i-1]) continue;
            list.add(nums[i]);
            used[i]=true;
            helper(ret,nums,list,used);
            list.remove(list.size()-1);
            used[i]=false;
        }
    }
}
public class Solution {
    public List<List<Integer>> permuteUnique(int[] nums) {
        List<List<Integer>> ans = new ArrayList<>();
        if (nums==null || nums.length==0) { return ans; }
        permute(ans, nums, 0);
        return ans;
    }

    private void permute(List<List<Integer>> ans, int[] nums, int index) {
        if (index == nums.length) { 
            List<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int num: nums) { temp.add(num); }
            ans.add(temp);
            return;
        }
        Set<Integer> appeared = new HashSet<>();
        for (int i=index; i<nums.length; ++i) {
            if (appeared.add(nums[i])) {
                swap(nums, index, i);
                permute(ans, nums, index+1);
                swap(nums, index, i);
            }
        }
    }

    private void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
        int save = nums[i];
        nums[i] = nums[j];
        nums[j] = save;
    }
}
  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
1. Two Sum 2. Add Two Numbers 3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays 5. Longest Palindromic Substring 6. ZigZag Conversion 7. Reverse Integer 8. String to Integer (atoi) 9. Palindrome Number 10. Regular Expression Matching 11. Container With Most Water 12. Integer to Roman 13. Roman to Integer 14. Longest Common Prefix 15. 3Sum 16. 3Sum Closest 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number 18. 4Sum 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List 20. Valid Parentheses 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists 22. Generate Parentheses 23. Swap Nodes in Pairs 24. Reverse Nodes in k-Group 25. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array 26. Remove Element 27. Implement strStr() 28. Divide Two Integers 29. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 30. Next Permutation 31. Longest Valid Parentheses 32. Search in Rotated Sorted Array 33. Search for a Range 34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array 35. Valid Sudoku 36. Sudoku Solver 37. Count and Say 38. Combination Sum 39. Combination Sum II 40. First Missing Positive 41. Trapping Rain Water 42. Jump Game 43. Merge Intervals 44. Insert Interval 45. Unique Paths 46. Minimum Path Sum 47. Climbing Stairs 48. Permutations 49. Permutations II 50. Rotate Image 51. Group Anagrams 52. Pow(x, n) 53. Maximum Subarray 54. Spiral Matrix 55. Jump Game II 56. Merge k Sorted Lists 57. Insertion Sort List 58. Sort List 59. Largest Rectangle in Histogram 60. Valid Number 61. Word Search 62. Minimum Window Substring 63. Unique Binary Search Trees 64. Unique Binary Search Trees II 65. Interleaving String 66. Maximum Product Subarray 67. Binary Tree Inorder Traversal 68. Binary Tree Preorder Traversal 69. Binary Tree Postorder Traversal 70. Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List 71. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal 72. Construct Binary Tree from Inorder and Postorder Traversal 73. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal 74. Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal 75. Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree 76. Convert Sorted List to Binary Search Tree 77. Recover Binary Search Tree 78. Sum Root to Leaf Numbers 79. Path Sum 80. Path Sum II 81. Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum 82. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node 83. Populating Next Right Pointers in Each Node II 84. Reverse Linked List 85. Reverse Linked List II 86. Partition List 87. Rotate List 88. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List 89. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II 90. Intersection of Two Linked Lists 91. Linked List Cycle 92. Linked List Cycle II 93. Reorder List 94. Binary Tree Upside Down 95. Binary Tree Right Side View 96. Palindrome Linked List 97. Convert Binary Search Tree to Sorted Doubly Linked List 98. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree 99. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree 100. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值