java线程的状态一共有6种,如下所示
NEW:初始状态,线程被构建,但是还没有调用start()方法
RUNNABLE: 运行状态,java线程将操作系统中的就绪和运行两种状态笼统的称作运行态
BLOCKED:阻塞状态,表示线程阻塞于锁。比如阻塞于lock(),阻塞于Synchronized。
WAITING:等待状态,表示线程进入等待状态,需要等待其他线程做出一些特定工作(一般是调用monitor.wait())monitor是监视器,是锁的监视器。
TIME_WAITING:超时等待状态,不同于WAITING,可以在指定时间返回。常见的是TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(time)
TERMINATED:终止状态,表示当前线程已经执行完毕
下面我们写个例子来看一下执行状态
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class ThreadState {
public static void main(String[] args){
new Thread(new Running(),"RunningThread").start();
new Thread(new TimeWaiting(),"TimeWaitingThread").start();
new Thread(new Wait(),"WaitingThead").start();
new Thread(new Blocked(),"BlockedThread-1").start();
new Thread(new Blocked(),"BlockedThread-2").start();
}
static class Running implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
while(true){
}
}
}
static class TimeWaiting implements Runnable{
public void run(){
while(true){
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
static class Wait implements Runnable{
public void run(){
synchronized (Wait.class) {
while(true){
try {
Wait.class.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
static class Blocked implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
synchronized(Blocked.class){
while(true){
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
}
调用jps,查看我们运行线程的编号。如下图
然后调用jstack 10552(我们的线程是10552),查看运行状态,部分截图如下所示
可以看到,RunningThread的状态是Runnable,BlockThread-1处于超时等待他(waiting on condition),BlockThrad-2处于阻塞态(waiting for monitor),WaitingThread处于等待太(Object.wait()),TimeWaitingThread处于超时等待态(waiting on condition)
给一个状态转换图,看一下,还是很好玩的。