JavaWeb学习-Servlet系列-16-客户端不缓存和刷新功能

接着前面的验证码的中代码，继续本篇的练习和优化代码。前面一篇其实有一点点小问题，鼠标光标定位在浏览器地址栏，键盘上敲回车，其实不会发生验证码的变化，这是因为浏览器有缓存。然后介绍一个刷新功能，在setHead方法中使用属性refresh。

 

1.告诉客户端不缓存

在写HttpServletResponse对象简介这篇的时候，我把setHead()中不缓存相关三个方法都列举出来了，我们这里把前面验证码的代码提取出来成方法。

package com.anthony.servlet;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


public class ServletDemo4 extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//告诉客户端不缓存
		resp.setHeader("pragma","no-cache");
		resp.setHeader("cache-control","no-cache");
		resp.setDateHeader("expires",0);
		test(resp, 110, 25, 4, 9);
	}


	private void test(HttpServletResponse resp, int width, int height, int codeCount, int lineCount) throws IOException {
		// 在内存中创建一个图像对象
		BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		
		//创建一个画笔
		Graphics g = img.getGraphics();
		
		//给图片设置背景颜色和边框
		g.setColor(Color.PINK);
		g.fillRect(1, 1, width-2, height-2);
		
		//添加边框并设置颜色
		g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
		g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);
		
		//设置字体样式
		g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
		g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD | Font.ITALIC, 15)); //设置宋体 加粗和斜体显示，字号15
		
		//给图片添加数字
		Random random = new Random();
		int position = 20;
		for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
			g.drawString(random.nextInt(10)+"", position, 18);
			position += 20;
		}
		
		//添加lineCount条干扰线
		for (int i = 0; i < lineCount; i++) {
			g.drawLine(random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height), random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height));
		}
		//讲图片以流的形式输出到网页
		ImageIO.write(img, "jpg", resp.getOutputStream());
	}
	
	
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}
	
}

这个时候重新部署，执行浏览器地址栏回车操作，验证码就会每次回车每次刷新，产生新的验证码。

 

刷新功能

package com.anthony.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


public class ServletDemo3 extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 这里模拟 注册成功，3秒之后跳回主页，加入主页是/demo4
		resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		resp.getWriter().write("注册成功，3秒之后跳到主页。");
		resp.setHeader("refresh", "3;url=/Servlet01/demo4");
	}
	
	
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(req, resp);
	}
	
}

重新部署之后，效果是这样的。