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pwd | print work directory | 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径 |
ps | process status | 进程状态,类似于windows的任务管理器,常用参数 -auxf ps -auxf 显示进程状态 |
df | disk free | 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说,就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中,还剩多少自由的空间。 |
du | Disk usage | 用于显示目录或文件的大小 |
rpm | RedHat Package Management | RedHat的发明之一,专门用来管理 Linux 各项套件的程序 |
rmdir | Remove Directory | 删除目录 |
rm | Remove | 删除目录或文件 |
cat | concatenate | 连锁 cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中 |
ln -s | link -soft | 创建一个软链接,相当于创建一个快捷方式 |
mkdir | Make Directory | 创建目录 |
touch | 用于修改文件或者目录的时间属性,包括存取时间和更改时间。若文件不存在,系统会建立一个新的文件 | |
man | Manual | |
su | Swith user | 切换用户 |
cd | Change directory | |
ls | List files | |
mkdir | Make directory | |
mkfs | Make file system | 用于在特定的分区上建立 linux 文件系统 |
fsck | File system check | |
uname | Unix name | |
lsmod | List modules | |
mv | Move file | |
cp | Copy file | |
jobs | 查看当前有多少在后台运行的命令 | |
fg | Foreground | 将后台中的命令调至前台继续运行 |
bg | Background | 将一个在后台暂停的命令,变成继续执行 |
chown | Change owner | |
chgrp | Change group | |
chmod | Change mode | |
umount | Unmount | |
dd | 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”,但“cc”已经被用以代表“CComplier”,所以命名为“dd” | |
tar | Tape archive | 磁带档案 |
ldd | List dynamic dependencies | |
insmod | Install module | |
rmmod | Remove module | |
lsmod | List module | |
rc | Resource configuration | 文件结尾的"rc"(如.bashrc、.xinitrc等) |
Knnxxx /Snnxxx | K(Kill);S(Service); | 位于rcx.d目录下 nn(执行顺序号);xxx(服务标识) |
扩展名.a | Archive | static library |
扩展名.so | Shared object | dynamically linked library |
扩展名.o | Object file | complied result of C/C++ source file |
dpkg | Debian package manager | |
apt | Advanced package tool | Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供 |
bin | Binaries (二进制文件) |
/dev | Devices (设备) |
/etc | Etcetera (等等) |
/lib | LIBrary |
/proc | Processes |
/sbin | Superuser Binaries (超级用户的二进制文件) |
/tmp | Temporary (临时) |
/usr | Unix Shared Resources |
/var | Variable (变量) |
FIFO | First In, First Out |
GRUB | GRand Unified Bootloader |
IFS | Internal Field Seperators |
LILO | LInux LOader |
MySQL | My 是最初作者女儿的名字, |
SQL | Structured QueryLanguage |
PHP | Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor |
PS | Prompt String |
Perl | “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(实际的抽取和报告语言) =“Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister” |
Python | 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying Circus |
Tcl | Tool Command Language |
Tk | ToolKit |
VT | Video Terminal |
YaST | Yet Another Setup Tool |
apache | “a patchy” server |
ar | archiver |
as | assembler |
awk | "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三个作者的姓的第一个字母 |
bash | Bourne Again SHell |
biff | 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。 |
cal | Calendar (日历) |
chsh | Change Shell |
cmp | compare |
cobra | Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture |
comm | common |
cpio | CoPy In and Out |
cron | Chronos 希腊文时间 |
cups | Common Unix Printing System |
cvs | Current Version System |
daemon | Disk And Execution MONitor |
dc | Desk Calculator |
dd | Disk Dump (磁盘转储) |
diff | Difference |
dmesg | diagnostic message |
ed | editor |
egrep | Extended GREP |
elf | Extensible Linking Format |
elm | ELectronic Mail |
emacs | Editor MACroS |
eval | EVALuate |
ex | EXtended |
exec | EXECute (执行) |
fd | file descriptors |
fgrep | Fixed GREP |
fmt | format |
fsck | File System ChecK |
fstab | FileSystem TABle |
fvwm | F*** Virtual Window Manager |
gawk | GNU AWK |
gpg | GNU Privacy Guard |
groff | GNU troff |
hal | Hardware Abstraction Layer |
joe | Joe’s Own Editor |
ksh | Korn SHell |
lame | Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder |
lex | LEXical analyser |
lisp | LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses |
lpr | Line PRint |
lsof | LiSt Open Files |
m4 | Macro processor Version 4 |
mawk | Mike Brennan’s AWK |
mc | Midnight Commander |
mkfs | MaKe FileSystem |
mknod | Make Node |
motd | Message of The Day |
mozilla | MOsaic GodZILLa |
mtab | Mount TABle |
nano | Nano’s ANOther editor |
nawk | New AWK |
nl | Number of Lines |
nm | names |
nohup | No HangUP |
nroff | New ROFF |
od | Octal Dump |
passwd | Passwd |
pg | pager |
pico | PIne’s message COmposition editor |
pine | “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm” |
ping | 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper |
pirntcap | PRINTer CAPability |
popd | POP Directory |
pr | pre |
printf | Print Formatted |
pty | pseudo tty |
pushd | PUSH Directory |
rc | runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell |
rev | REVerse |
rn | Read News |
roff | RunOFF |
rpm | RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager |
rsh | rlogin, rvim中的 |
r | Remote |
rxvt | ouR XVT |
seamoneky | 我 |
sed | Stream Editor |
seq | SEQuence |
shar | Shell ARchive |
slrn | S-Lang rn |
ssh | Secure Shell |
ssl | Secure Sockets Layer |
stty | Set TTY |
svn | SubVersion |
tcsh | TENEX C shell |
tee | T (T形水管接口) |
telnet | TEminaL over Network |
termcap | terminal capability |
terminfo | terminal information |
tex | τέχνη的缩写,希腊文art |
tr | traslate |
troff | Typesetter new ROFF |
tsort | Topological SORT |
tty | TeleTypewriter |
twm | Tom’s Window Manager |
tz | TimeZone |
udev | Userspace DEV |
ulimit | User’s LIMIT |
umask | User’s MASK |
uniq | UNIQue |
vi | VIsual Very Inconvenient |
vim | Vi IMproved |
wall | write all |
wc | Word Count |
wine | WINE Is Not an Emulator |
xargs | eXtended ARGuments |
xdm | X Display Manager |
xlfd | X Logical Font Description |
xmms | X Multimedia System |
xrdb | X Resources DataBase |
xwd | X Window Dump |
yacc | yet another compiler compiler |
Fish | the Friendly Interactive SHell |
MIME | Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions |
ECMA | European Computer ManufacturersAssociation |