(密码学)[C++]Caesar加密

1.凯撒密码(Caesar Shift)是一种简单的移位密码(The Shift Cipher)

2.一般只对26个字母进行移位

3.对字母A：设移位数(密钥)为key

若key = 3，则结果为D，

若key = 0，则结果为A，

若key = 25，则结果为Z，

若key = 29，则结果为D。

4.对字母Z：

若key = 3，则结果为C，

若key = 0，则结果为Z，

若key = 25，则结果为Y，

若key = 29，则结果为C。

Caesar C++实现代码

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

//加密
void encrypt(string &s, int key){
	char ch = '\0';
	for(unsigned int i=0;i < s.length();i++){
		if('a' <= s[i] && s[i] <= 'z')
			ch = 'a';
		else
			ch = 'A';
		if('A' <= s[i] && s[i] <= 'Z' || 'a' <= s[i] && s[i] <= 'z')
			s[i] = ch + (s[i] - ch + key) % 26;//实现字母之间的循环移位
	}
}
//解密
void decrypt(string &s, int key){
	char ch = '\0';
	for(unsigned int i=0;i < s.length();i++){
		if('a' <= s[i] && s[i] <= 'z')
			ch = 'z';		
		else if('A' <= s[i] && s[i] <= 'Z')
			ch = 'Z';
		if('A' <= s[i] && s[i] <= 'Z' || 'a' <= s[i] && s[i] <= 'z')
			s[i] = ch - (ch - s[i] + key) % 26;<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">//实现字母之间的循环移位</span>
	}
}

int main(){
	string s = "";
	cout<<"请输入明文:"<<endl;
	getline(cin, s, '\n');
	int key = 0;
	cout<<"请输入密钥:";	cin>>key;
	encrypt(s, key);
	cout<<"加密后的密文:"<<s<<endl;
	decrypt(s, key);
	cout<<"解密后的明文:"<<s<<endl;
	
return 0;
}