1.消息处理涉及到2个类，分别是Message类，和Folder类。其中同一个Message对象可以存放在多个不同的Folder对象中，同样，多个Folder类的对象也可以存放多个Message对象。
2.Message对象通过一个叫folders的set容器，通过存放Folder对象的指针，表示该Folder对象中存放有Message对象这种关系。同样，Folder对象中通过一个将messages的set容器，存放所有它正在存放的Message对象的指针，来指示这种存放关系。
3.Message对象可以通过其成员函数save，将自己另存为到一个新的Folder对象中去，之前保持的存放关系不变。
4.Message对象也可以通过其成员函数remove，删除与特定Folder对象的存放关系。
5.已知Message对象m1，通过m1调用Message的赋值构造函数得到的新Message对象m2，m2与m1拥有一样的存放关系。
6.一直Message对象m1，m2，若使用赋值操作符，进行m1 = m2，则m1失去了之前的存放关系，最终拥有了和m2一样的存放关系。
7.当调用析构函数释放m1之后，m1的存放关系也将不复存在。
8.由于Folder类的put_Folder_in_Messages，remove_Folder_from_Messages，remMsg，addMsg函数使用private访问控制权限，所以Message类要使用remMsg，addMsg接口时，必须进行友元声明。同理Message类的put_Msg_in_Folders，remove_Msg_from_Folders，addFldr，remFldr等函数使用了private访问控制权限，所以Folder要使用addFldr，remFldr修改Message类的folders容器，同样必须使用友元声明操作。
两个类中均涉及到对友元的使用，友元知识查看：http://blog.csdn.net/u011559205/article/details/41980205
完整代码：
Folder.h
#ifndef _FOLDER_H_
#define _FOLDER_H_
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <set>
class Message;
class Folder{
private:
std::string foldername;
std::set<Message*> messages;
//将这个对象指针，加到所有的Message对象的folders表中，
//其中这些Message对象满足:其对象指针均在某个Folders对象的
//messages表中
void put_Folder_in_Messages(const std::set<Message*>&);
//将当前对象指针，从它所关联的Message对象(关联表为messages)的folders表中删除
void remove_Folder_from_Messages();
//remMsg/addMsg从messages表中删除/添加特定的元素
void remMsg(Message*);
void addMsg(Message*);
public:
Folder(const std::string &fname = "") :
foldername(fname){}
Folder(const Folder& fldr);
Folder& operator=(const Folder& fldr);
void displayMessages();
std::string & getFoldername(){
return foldername;
}
//从与对象关联的Message对象表中删去，该对象指针
~Folder();
friend Message;
};
#endif // !_FOLDER_H_
Message.h
#ifndef _MESSAGES_H_
#define _MESSAGES_H_
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#include "Folder.h"
class Message {
private:
std::string contents; // actual message text
std::set<Folder*> folders; // Folders that have this Message
// Utility functions used by copy constructor, assignment, and destructor:
// Add this Message to the Folders that point to the parameter
void put_Msg_in_Folders(const std::set<Folder*>&);
// remove this Message from every Folder in folders
void remove_Msg_from_Folders();
//addFldr/remFldr从folders表中添加或删除Folder对象指针
void addFldr(Folder*);
void remFldr(Folder*);
public:
// folders is initialized to the empty set automatically
Message(const std::string &str = "") :
contents(str) { }
// copy control: we must manage pointers to this Message
// from the Folders pointed to by folders
Message(const Message&);
Message& operator=(const Message&);
~Message();
void displayFolders(){
for (std::set<Folder*>::iterator it = folders.begin();
it != folders.end(); ++it)
{
std::cout << "--" << (*it)->foldername << std::endl;
}
}
// add/remove this Message from specified Folder's set of messages
void save(Folder&);
void remove(Folder&);
std::string & getContents(){
return contents;
}
friend void Folder::put_Folder_in_Messages(const std::set<Message*>& msgs);
friend void Folder::remove_Folder_from_Messages();
friend void Folder::displayMessages();
};
#endif // !_MESSAGES_H_Folder.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include "Folder.h"
#include "Message.h"
Folder::Folder(const Folder& fldr) :
foldername(fldr.foldername), messages(fldr.messages){
//将该对象指针与相关Message对象关联
put_Folder_in_Messages(fldr.messages);
}
Folder& Folder::operator=(const Folder& fldr){
if (this != &fldr){
//删除当前对象所关联的Message对象的folders删除当前对象指针
remove_Folder_from_Messages();
this->foldername = fldr.foldername;
this->messages = fldr.messages;
put_Folder_in_Messages(fldr.messages);
}
return *this;
}
Folder::~Folder(){
remove_Folder_from_Messages();
}
void Folder::put_Folder_in_Messages(const std::set<Message*>& msgs){
for (std::set<Message*>::iterator iter = msgs.begin();
iter != msgs.end();
++iter)
(*iter)->addFldr(this);
}
void Folder::remove_Folder_from_Messages(){
for (std::set<Message*>::iterator iter = messages.begin();
iter != messages.end();
++iter)
(*iter)->remFldr(this);
}
void Folder::remMsg(Message* msg){
std::set<Message*>::iterator iter = messages.find(msg);
if (iter != messages.end())
messages.erase(iter);
else
std::cerr << "删除出错" << std::endl;
}
void Folder::addMsg(Message* msg){
std::pair<std::set<Message*>::iterator, bool> result
= messages.insert(msg);
if (result.second == false)
std::cout << "插入失败" << std::endl;
}
void Folder::displayMessages(){
for (std::set<Message*>::iterator it = messages.begin();
it != messages.end(); ++it)
{
std::cout << "--" << (*it)->contents << std::endl;
}
}
#include <set>
#include "Message.h"
//赋值构造函数，复制形参的folders，并将新建的
//Message对象添加到各个Folder对象中去
Message::Message(const Message &m) :
contents(m.contents), folders(m.folders){
// add this Message to each Folder that points to m
put_Msg_in_Folders(folders);
}
// add this Message to Folders that point to rhs
void Message::put_Msg_in_Folders(const std::set<Folder*> &rhs)
{
for (std::set<Folder*>::const_iterator beg = rhs.begin();
beg != rhs.end(); ++beg)
(*beg)->addMsg(this); // *beg points to a Folder
}
Message& Message::operator=(const Message &rhs)
{
if (&rhs != this) {
remove_Msg_from_Folders(); // update existing Folders
contents = rhs.contents; // copy contents from rhs
folders = rhs.folders; // copy Folder pointers from rhs
// add this Message to each Folder in rhs
put_Msg_in_Folders(rhs.folders);
}
return *this;
}
// remove this Message from corresponding Folders
void Message::remove_Msg_from_Folders()
{
// remove this message from corresponding folders
for (std::set<Folder*>::const_iterator beg =
folders.begin(); beg != folders.end(); ++beg)
(*beg)->remMsg(this); // *beg points to a Folder
}
Message::~Message()
{
remove_Msg_from_Folders();
}
void Message::save(Folder& fldr){
addFldr(&fldr);
fldr.addMsg(this);
}
void Message::remove(Folder& fldr){
remFldr(&fldr);
fldr.remMsg(this);
}
void Message::addFldr(Folder* fldr){
std::pair<std::set<Folder*>::iterator, bool> result =
folders.insert(fldr);
if (result.second == false)
std::cerr << "插入失败" << std::endl;
}
void Message::remFldr(Folder* fldr){
std::set<Folder*>::iterator iter = folders.find(fldr);
if (iter != folders.end())
folders.erase(fldr);
else
std::cerr << "删除出错" << std::endl;
}测试代码：
测试Message类的成员函数save()
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Message.h"
#include "Folder.h"
int main(){
Message msg("how are you!"), msg2("I'm fine. thanks!");
Folder fldr("10086"), fldr2("12306"), fldr3("12580");
std::cout << "测试Message::save()" << std::endl;
msg.save(fldr);
msg2.save(fldr);
msg.save(fldr2);
msg.save(fldr3);
std::cout << msg.getContents() << std::endl;
msg.displayFolders();
std::cout << msg2.getContents() << std::endl;
msg2.displayFolders();
std::cout << fldr.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr2.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr2.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr3.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr3.displayMessages();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
测试Message类的remove函数：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Message.h"
#include "Folder.h"
int main(){
Message msg("how are you!");
Folder fldr("10086"), fldr2("12306"), fldr3("12580");
std::cout << "测试Message::save()" << std::endl;
msg.save(fldr);
msg.save(fldr2);
msg.save(fldr3);
msg.remove(fldr);
std::cout << msg.getContents() << std::endl;
msg.displayFolders();
std::cout << fldr.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr2.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr2.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr3.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr3.displayMessages();
system("pause");
return 0;
}执行结果：
测试Message类的复制构造函数：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Message.h"
#include "Folder.h"
int main(){
Message msg("how are you!");
Folder fldr("10086"), fldr2("12306"), fldr3("12580");
std::cout << "测试Message::save()" << std::endl;
msg.save(fldr);
msg.save(fldr2);
msg.save(fldr3);
Message msg2(msg);//使用复制构造函数
std::cout << msg.getContents() << std::endl;
msg.displayFolders();
std::cout << msg2.getContents() << std::endl;
msg2.displayFolders();
std::cout << fldr.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr2.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr2.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr3.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr3.displayMessages();
system("pause");
return 0;
}执行结果：
使用赋值操作符：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Message.h"
#include "Folder.h"
int main(){
Message msg("how are you!"), msg2("I'm fine, thanks!");
Folder fldr("10086"), fldr2("12580");
std::cout << "测试Message::save()" << std::endl;
msg.save(fldr);
msg2.save(fldr2);
std::cout << msg.getContents() << std::endl;
msg.displayFolders();
std::cout << msg2.getContents() << std::endl;
msg2.displayFolders();
std::cout << fldr.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr2.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr2.displayMessages();
msg2 = msg;//赋值操作符
std::cout << "赋值后" << std::endl;
std::cout << msg.getContents() << std::endl;
msg.displayFolders();
std::cout << msg2.getContents() << std::endl;
msg2.displayFolders();
std::cout << fldr.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr.displayMessages();
std::cout << fldr2.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr2.displayMessages();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
析构函数测试：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Message.h"
#include "Folder.h"
int main(){
Message *msg = new Message("how are you!");
Folder fldr("10086");
msg->save(fldr);
std::cout << msg->getContents() << std::endl;
msg->displayFolders();
std::cout << fldr.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr.displayMessages();
delete msg;
std::cout << "调用析构函数后" << std::endl;
std::cout << fldr.getFoldername() << std::endl;
fldr.displayMessages();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
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