3.9、多把锁

多把不相干的锁

一间屋子有两个功能：睡觉、学习，互不相干

现在小南要学习，小女要睡觉，但如果只用一间屋子（一把锁）的话，那么并发度很低

解决方法是准备多个房间（多个对象锁）

例如

@Slf4j(topic = "c.BigRoom")
class BigRoom {

    public void sleep() {
        synchronized (this) {
            log.debug("sleep 2小时");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public void study() {
        synchronized (this) {
            log.debug("study 1小时");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

执行

		BigRoom bigRoom = new BigRoom();
        new Thread(() -> {
            bigRoom.sleep();
        },"小南").start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            bigRoom.study();
        },"小女").start();

输出

2022/03/06-18:11:07.948 [小南] c.BigRoom - sleep 2小时
2022/03/06-18:11:09.960 [小女] c.BigRoom - study 1小时

改进

@Slf4j(topic = "c.BigRoom")
class BigRoom {

    private final Object sleepRoom = new Object();
    private final Object studyRoom = new Object();

    public void sleep() {
        synchronized (sleepRoom) {
            log.debug("sleep 2小时");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public void study() {
        synchronized (studyRoom) {
            log.debug("study 1小时");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

输出

2022/03/06-18:13:35.248 [小南] c.BigRoom - sleep 2小时
2022/03/06-18:13:35.248 [小女] c.BigRoom - study 1小时

将锁粒度细分

• 好处、可以增强并发度
• 坏处、如果一个线程同时获得多把锁，就容易发生死锁