判断是否为二分图

如果可以用两种颜色对图中的节点进行着色，并且保证相邻的节点颜色不同，那么这个图就是二分图。

785. Is Graph Bipartite? (Medium)

Example 1:
Input: [[1,3], [0,2], [1,3], [0,2]]
Output: true
Explanation:
The graph looks like this:
0----1
|       |
|       |
3----2
We can divide the vertices into two groups: {0, 2} and {1, 3}.

Example 2:
Input: [[1,2,3], [0,2], [0,1,3], [0,2]]
Output: false
Explanation:
The graph looks like this:
0----1
|  \   |
|    \ |
3----2
We cannot find a way to divide the set of nodes into two independent subsets.

public boolean isBipartite(int[][] graph) {
    int[] colors = new int[graph.length];
    Arrays.fill(colors, -1);
    for (int i = 0; i < graph.length; i++) {  // 处理图不是连通的情况
        if (colors[i] == -1 && !isBipartite(i, 0, colors, graph)) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

private boolean isBipartite(int curNode, int curColor, int[] colors, int[][] graph) {
    if (colors[curNode] != -1) {
        return colors[curNode] == curColor;
    }
    colors[curNode] = curColor;
    for (int nextNode : graph[curNode]) {
        if (!isBipartite(nextNode, 1 - curColor, colors, graph)) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}