最简单的http服务器,可下载源码:http://download.csdn.net/detail/ajaxhu/6356885
大概介绍一下原理吧,浏览器打开网页可以简单分为3个阶段:
1.通过socket向服务器发送一个符合一定格式的请求字符串(里面包含了用户输入的网址),比如:
Accept | text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 |
Accept-Encoding | gzip, deflate |
Accept-Language | zh-cn,zh;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 |
Connection | keep-alive |
Host | localhost:8001 |
User-Agent | Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0 |
2.服务器收到浏览器的请求字符串,解析出用户所请求的网址,网址其实对应服务器中的文件。
例如 http:\\www.demo.com其实对应服务器里的 http:\\www.demo.com\index.html,服务器会将index.html这个文件读取到byte数组中,并加上头信息(也是字符串),返回给发送请求的浏览器。
3.浏览器接收到服务器返回的字节流,根据返回的头信息,判断返回的byte数组原始的数据类型(网页、图片、其他),例如返回的头信息如下:
Content-Type | text/html |
说明返回的byte数组原来是html页面,浏览器会解析html页面,显示数据。
如果服务器返回的头信息如下:
Content-Type | image/jpeg |
下面给出源码:
注:1.要运行程序,需要在同目录下新建webapp文件夹,将想运行的网站放入(暂时只支持html,jpg,gif,png)
2.程序运行参数:可以无参数运行,默认绑定80端口,有可能会冲突。可添加一个参数设定端口,例如:java -jar MyHtmlServer.jar 8001
8001为绑定的端口号。
3.运行程序后,在浏览器中输入 http://localhost:端口号/资源路径即可。例如绑定的是8001端口,在webapp文件夹下有index.html文件,现在需要访问这个文件,在浏览器中输入:http://localhost:8001/index.html 即可访问。如果绑定的是80端口,可直接写:http://localhost/index.html,浏览器默认使用80作为服务器端口。
源码:
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.net.ServerSocket;
- import java.net.Socket;
- public class MyHtmlServer {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
- int port=80;
- if(args.length>0)
- port=Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
- new MyHtmlServer().start(port);
- }
- /**
- * 在指定端口启动http服务器
- * @param port 指定的端口
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public void start(int port) throws IOException {
- ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(port);
- System.out.println("server start at "+port+"...........");
- while (true) {
- Socket client = server.accept();
- ServerThread serverthread = new ServerThread(client);
- serverthread.start();
- }
- }
- /**
- * 服务器响应线程,每收到一次浏览器的请求就会启动一个ServerThread线程
- * @author
- *
- */
- class ServerThread extends Thread {
- Socket client;
- public ServerThread(Socket client) {
- this.client = client;
- }
- /**
- * 读取文件内容,转化为byte数组
- * @param filename 文件名
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public byte[] getFileByte(String filename) throws IOException
- {
- ByteArrayOutputStream baos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- File file=new File(filename);
- FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(file);
- byte[] b=new byte[1000];
- int read;
- while((read=fis.read(b))!=-1)
- {
- baos.write(b,0,read);
- }
- fis.close();
- baos.close();
- return baos.toByteArray();
- }
- /**
- * 分析http请求中的url,分析用户请求的资源,并将请求url规范化
- * 例如请求 "/"要规范成"/index.html","/index"要规范成"/index.html"
- * @param queryurl 用户原始的url
- * @return 规范化的url,即为用户请求资源的路径
- */
- private String getQueryResource(String queryurl)
- {
- String queryresource=null;
- int index=queryurl.indexOf('?');
- if(index!=-1)
- {
- queryresource=queryurl.substring(0,queryurl.indexOf('?'));
- }
- else
- queryresource=queryurl;
- index=queryresource.lastIndexOf("/");
- if(index+1==queryresource.length())
- {
- queryresource=queryresource+"index.html";
- }
- else
- {
- String filename=queryresource.substring(index+1);
- if(!filename.contains("."))
- queryresource=queryresource+".html";
- }
- return queryresource;
- }
- /**
- * 根据用户请求的资源类型,设定http响应头的信息,主要是判断用户请求的文件类型(html、jpg...)
- * @param queryresource
- * @return
- */
- private String getHead(String queryresource)
- {
- String filename="";
- int index=queryresource.lastIndexOf("/");
- filename=queryresource.substring(index+1);
- String[] filetypes=filename.split("\\.");
- String filetype=filetypes[filetypes.length-1];
- if(filetype.equals("html"))
- {
- return "HTTP/1.0200OK\n"+"Content-Type:text/html\n" + "Server:myserver\n" + "\n";
- }
- else if(filetype.equals("jpg")||filetype.equals("gif")||filetype.equals("png"))
- {
- return "HTTP/1.0200OK\n"+"Content-Type:image/jpeg\n" + "Server:myserver\n" + "\n";
- }
- else return null;
- }
- @Override
- public void run() {
- InputStream is;
- try {
- is = client.getInputStream();
- BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
- new InputStreamReader(is));
- int readint;
- char c;
- byte[] buf = new byte[1000];
- OutputStream os = client.getOutputStream();
- client.setSoTimeout(50);
- byte[] data = null;
- String cmd = "";
- String queryurl = "";
- int state = 0;
- String queryresource;
- String head;
- while (true) {
- readint = is.read();
- c = (char) readint;
- boolean space=Character.isWhitespace(readint);
- switch (state) {
- case 0:
- if (space)
- continue;
- state = 1;
- case 1:
- if (space) {
- state=2;
- continue;
- }
- cmd+=c;
- continue;
- case 2:
- if(space)
- continue;
- state=3;
- case 3:
- if(space)
- break;
- queryurl+=c;
- continue;
- }
- break;
- }
- queryresource=getQueryResource(queryurl);
- head=getHead(queryresource);
- while (true) {
- try {
- if ((readint = is.read(buf)) > 0) {
- // System.out.write(buf);
- } else if (readint < 0)
- break;
- } catch (InterruptedIOException e) {
- data = getFileByte("webapp"+queryresource);
- }
- if (data != null) {
- os.write(head.getBytes("utf-8"));
- os.write(data);
- os.close();
- break;
- }
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class MyHtmlServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
int port=80;
if(args.length>0)
port=Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
new MyHtmlServer().start(port);
}
/**
* 在指定端口启动http服务器
* @param port 指定的端口
* @throws IOException
*/
public void start(int port) throws IOException {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("server start at "+port+"...........");
while (true) {
Socket client = server.accept();
ServerThread serverthread = new ServerThread(client);
serverthread.start();
}
}
/**
* 服务器响应线程,每收到一次浏览器的请求就会启动一个ServerThread线程
* @author
*
*/
class ServerThread extends Thread {
Socket client;
public ServerThread(Socket client) {
this.client = client;
}
/**
* 读取文件内容,转化为byte数组
* @param filename 文件名
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public byte[] getFileByte(String filename) throws IOException
{
ByteArrayOutputStream baos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
File file=new File(filename);
FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(file);
byte[] b=new byte[1000];
int read;
while((read=fis.read(b))!=-1)
{
baos.write(b,0,read);
}
fis.close();
baos.close();
return baos.toByteArray();
}
/**
* 分析http请求中的url,分析用户请求的资源,并将请求url规范化
* 例如请求 "/"要规范成"/index.html","/index"要规范成"/index.html"
* @param queryurl 用户原始的url
* @return 规范化的url,即为用户请求资源的路径
*/
private String getQueryResource(String queryurl)
{
String queryresource=null;
int index=queryurl.indexOf('?');
if(index!=-1)
{
queryresource=queryurl.substring(0,queryurl.indexOf('?'));
}
else
queryresource=queryurl;
index=queryresource.lastIndexOf("/");
if(index+1==queryresource.length())
{
queryresource=queryresource+"index.html";
}
else
{
String filename=queryresource.substring(index+1);
if(!filename.contains("."))
queryresource=queryresource+".html";
}
return queryresource;
}
/**
* 根据用户请求的资源类型,设定http响应头的信息,主要是判断用户请求的文件类型(html、jpg...)
* @param queryresource
* @return
*/
private String getHead(String queryresource)
{
String filename="";
int index=queryresource.lastIndexOf("/");
filename=queryresource.substring(index+1);
String[] filetypes=filename.split("\\.");
String filetype=filetypes[filetypes.length-1];
if(filetype.equals("html"))
{
return "HTTP/1.0200OK\n"+"Content-Type:text/html\n" + "Server:myserver\n" + "\n";
}
else if(filetype.equals("jpg")||filetype.equals("gif")||filetype.equals("png"))
{
return "HTTP/1.0200OK\n"+"Content-Type:image/jpeg\n" + "Server:myserver\n" + "\n";
}
else return null;
}
@Override
public void run() {
InputStream is;
try {
is = client.getInputStream();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(is));
int readint;
char c;
byte[] buf = new byte[1000];
OutputStream os = client.getOutputStream();
client.setSoTimeout(50);
byte[] data = null;
String cmd = "";
String queryurl = "";
int state = 0;
String queryresource;
String head;
while (true) {
readint = is.read();
c = (char) readint;
boolean space=Character.isWhitespace(readint);
switch (state) {
case 0:
if (space)
continue;
state = 1;
case 1:
if (space) {
state=2;
continue;
}
cmd+=c;
continue;
case 2:
if(space)
continue;
state=3;
case 3:
if(space)
break;
queryurl+=c;
continue;
}
break;
}
queryresource=getQueryResource(queryurl);
head=getHead(queryresource);
while (true) {
try {
if ((readint = is.read(buf)) > 0) {
// System.out.write(buf);
} else if (readint < 0)
break;
} catch (InterruptedIOException e) {
data = getFileByte("webapp"+queryresource);
}
if (data != null) {
os.write(head.getBytes("utf-8"));
os.write(data);
os.close();
break;
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}