【java】手写一个HTTP服务器

练习1

客户端:发送数据
服务器:接收数据,并展示

客户端

package com.jvm.t1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建套接字
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);

        //创建输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

        //写数据
        outputStream.write("你好啊,服务器".getBytes());

        //释放资源
        socket.close();

    }
}

服务器

package com.jvm.t1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器套接字
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);

        //获取发出请求的客户端套接字
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();

        InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();

        byte []bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len = inputStream.read(bytes);
        System.out.println(new String(bytes,0,len));
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

进阶版:
客户端发送数据,服务器端显示客户端的数据,并向客户端发出响应数据

客户端:

package com.tcp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建套接字
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);

        //创建输出流
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

        //写数据
        outputStream.write("你好啊,服务器".getBytes());


        //接收服务器端的数据
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte []bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len = inputStream.read(bytes);
        System.out.println("接收来自服务器端的数据:"+new String(bytes,0,len));

        //释放资源
        socket.close();

    }
}

服务器端:

package com.tcp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器套接字
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);

        //获取发出请求的客户端套接字
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();

        //接收来自客户端的数据
        InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
        byte []bytes = new byte[1024];
        int len = inputStream.read(bytes);
        System.out.println("来自客户端的消息:"+ new String(bytes,0,len));


        //向客户端发送数据
        OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write("你好啊,客户端!,消息已收到".getBytes());

        //关闭
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

练习2

客户端:数据来自于键盘录入,直到输入的数据是886,发送数据结束
服务器:接收到的数据在控制台输出

客户端

package com.jvm.t1;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建套接字
        Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);

        //字符流转换成字节流,再封装成缓冲流
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        String line;
        while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
            if("886".equals(line))
                break;
            bufferedWriter.write(line);
            bufferedWriter.newLine();       //换行
            bufferedWriter.flush();         //刷新
        }

        //释放资源
        socket.close();

    }
}

服务器端

package com.jvm.t1;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器套接字
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);

        //获取发出请求的客户端套接字
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));
        String line;
        while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
            System.out.println(line);
        }

        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

此时,在浏览器输入url,观看打印台的内容
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

修改服务器端

package com.jvm.t1;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器套接字
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);



        while (true){
            //获取发出请求的客户端套接字
            Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();

            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));
            bufferedWriter.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
            bufferedWriter.write("Content-Type:text/html");
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
            /*Content-Length长度必须保证和你下面传输的数据长度一致(字节个数)
            过短会截取,过长会请求超时
             */
            bufferedWriter.write("Content-Length:20");
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
            bufferedWriter.write("<h1>Hello,World!abcdefg</h1>");
            bufferedWriter.flush();

            accept.close();
        }

    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

先学习
2阶——Http协议(Request封装请求、Response封装输出) 路径的写法

手写服务器httpserver_封装Response_封装Request_JAVA199-201

浏览器输入以下url:
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

GET /index?name=hangover&password=123 HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8888
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="94", "Google Chrome";v="94", ";Not A Brand";v="99"
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.81 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: none
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: Idea-17670b7a=4d792870-1d4b-4f1f-8740-811ab0ac3cdc; Idea-10a747c5=921e4f0b-61d8-41f2-9041-499eea091075; Pycharm-34408c98=77b79e3b-a685-4ad8-bdd1-9a409381a7e9

POST

先写一个html界面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<form action="http://localhost:8888/index" method="post">
    姓名:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
    密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
    <input type="submit" value="post请求方式">
</form>



</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述

服务器端:

package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器套接字
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);

        //获取发出请求的客户端套接字
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
        byte data[] = new byte[2048];
        int len  = inputStream.read(data);
        String info = new String(data,0,len);
        System.out.println(info);
        
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

POST /index HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8888
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 27
Cache-Control: max-age=0
sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="94", "Google Chrome";v="94", ";Not A Brand";v="99"
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Origin: http://localhost:63342
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.81 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-site
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
Referer: http://localhost:63342/
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: Idea-17670b7a=4d792870-1d4b-4f1f-8740-811ab0ac3cdc; Idea-10a747c5=921e4f0b-61d8-41f2-9041-499eea091075; Pycharm-34408c98=77b79e3b-a685-4ad8-bdd1-9a409381a7e9

name=shmily&password=123456

Process finished with exit code 0

封装Request

package com.jvm.t1;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.*;

//对请求报文进行封装
public class Request {
    private String method;  //请求方式
    private String URI; //请求资源
    private Map<String, List<String>> parameterMapValue;//请求参数

    public static final String CRLF = "\r\n";
    private InputStream inputStream;
    private String requestInfo;     //用来保存请求报文数据

    public Request() {
        method = "";
        URI = "";
        parameterMapValue = new HashMap<>();
        requestInfo = "";
    }

    public Request(InputStream inputStream) {
        this();
        this.inputStream = inputStream;
        try{
            byte []data = new byte[2048];
            int len = inputStream.read(data);
            requestInfo = new String(data,0,len);
        }catch (IOException e){
            return;
        }
        parseRequestInfo();

    }

    public String getMethod() {
        return method;
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return URI;
    }

    public Map<String, List<String>> getParameterMapValue() {
        return parameterMapValue;
    }
    //根据参数名称获取对应的多个值
    public String[] getParameters(String parameter){
        List<String> values = null;
        if((values = parameterMapValue.get(parameter)) == null){
            return null;
        }else{
            return values.toArray(new String[0]);
        }

    }

    //根据参数名称获取对应的单个值
    public String getParameter(String parameter){
        String[] values = getParameters(parameter);
        if(values == null)
            return null;
        return values[0];
    }

    //分析请求信息
    private void parseRequestInfo(){
        if((null == requestInfo) || (requestInfo = requestInfo.trim()).equals(""))
            return;
        /**
         * ====================================
         * 从信息的首行分解出:请求方式  请求路径  请求参数(get可能存在)
         *   如:GET /index.html?uname=intputUname&pwd=inputPassword HTTP/1.1
         *
         * 如果为post方式,请求参数可能在最后正文中
         * ====================================
         */

        String paramString = "";//接收请求参数

        //获取请求方式
        //首部行  GET /index?name=hangover&password=123 HTTP/1.1
        String firstLine = requestInfo.substring(0,requestInfo.indexOf(CRLF));
        int idx = requestInfo.indexOf("/"); // /的位置
        this.method = firstLine.substring(0,idx).trim();
        String urlStr = firstLine.substring(idx,firstLine.indexOf("HTTP")).trim();

        //      POST /index HTTP/1.1
        if(this.method.equals("POST")){
            this.URI = urlStr;
            paramString = requestInfo.substring(requestInfo.lastIndexOf(CRLF)).trim();
        }else if(this.method.equals("GET")){
            //考虑没有参数
            if(urlStr.contains("?")){
                String []urlArray = urlStr.split("\\?");
                this.URI = urlArray[0];
                paramString = urlArray[1];
            }else{
                this.URI = urlStr;
            }
        }
        parseParams(paramString);
    }

    //将请求参数封装到Map中
    //  name=shmily&password=123456
    private void parseParams(String paramString){
        //分割,将字符串转成数组
        StringTokenizer stringTokenizer = new StringTokenizer(paramString, "&");
        while (stringTokenizer.hasMoreTokens()){
            String keyValue = stringTokenizer.nextToken();
            String[] keyValues = keyValue.split("=");

            //考虑name=shmily&password
            if(keyValues.length == 1){
                keyValues = Arrays.copyOf(keyValues,2); //申请两个空间,并复制原来的
                keyValues[1] = null;
            }

            String key = keyValues[0].trim();
            String value = null == keyValues[1] ?null:decode(keyValues[1].trim(),"utf-8");

            //考虑name=shmily&name=hangover
            if(!parameterMapValue.containsKey(key)){
               parameterMapValue.put(key,new ArrayList<>());
            }
            List<String> values = parameterMapValue.get(key);
            values.add(value);


        }
    }
    //解决中文
    private String decode(String value,String code){
        try{
            return java.net.URLDecoder.decode(value,code);
        }catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }


}

服务器端

package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器套接字
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);

        //获取发出请求的客户端套接字
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
        InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
        Request request = new Request(inputStream);
        System.out.println("请求方式:" + request.getMethod());
        System.out.println("请求资源:"+request.getUrl());
        System.out.println("姓名:"+request.getParameter("name"));
        System.out.println("密码:"+request.getParameter("password"));


        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

封装Response

package com.jvm.t1;


import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.security.cert.CRL;
import java.util.Date;

//封装响应报文
public class Response {

    public static final String CRLF = "\t\n";
    public static final String BLANK = " ";

    //输出流
    private BufferedWriter bufferedWriter;
    //响应头
    private StringBuilder headInfo;
    //响应体
    private StringBuilder content;
    //响应体长度
    private int len = 0;
    //响应类型
    private String contentType = "text/html;charset=utf-8";

    public Response() {
        headInfo = new StringBuilder();
        content = new StringBuilder();
        len = 0;
    }

    public Response(OutputStream outputStream){
        this();
        bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
    }

    public void setContentType(String contentType) {
        this.contentType = contentType;
    }

    //构建响应头
    private void createHeadInfo(int code){
        //构建状态行     HTTP协议版本,状态代码,描述
        headInfo.append("HTTP/1.1").append(BLANK).append(code).append(BLANK);
        switch (code){
            case 200:
                headInfo.append("OK");
                break;
            case 404:
                headInfo.append("Not Found");
                break;
            case 500:
                headInfo.append("Server Error");
                break;

        }
        headInfo.append(CRLF);

        //响应头
        headInfo.append("Server:test Server/0.0.1").append(CRLF);
        headInfo.append("Date").append(new Date()).append(CRLF);
        headInfo.append("Content-type:").append(contentType).append(CRLF);

        //正文长度
        headInfo.append("Content-Length:").append(len);
        headInfo.append("\n\n");

    }
    //构建响应体
    public Response print(String info){
        content.append(info);
        len += info.length();
        return this;
    }

    //构建响应体+回车
    public Response println(String info){
        content.append(info).append(CRLF);
        len += (info + CRLF).getBytes().length;
        return this;
    }

    //推送到客户端
    public void pushToClient(int code) throws IOException{
        createHeadInfo(code);
        bufferedWriter.append(headInfo.toString());
        bufferedWriter.append(content.toString());
        bufferedWriter.flush();
        bufferedWriter.close();
    }
}

服务器端

package com.jvm.t1;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建服务器套接字
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);



        while (true){
            //获取发出请求的客户端套接字
            Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();

            InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
            Request request = new Request(inputStream);
            System.out.println("请求方式:" + request.getMethod());
            System.out.println("请求资源:"+request.getUrl());
            System.out.println("姓名:"+request.getParameter("name"));
            System.out.println("密码:"+request.getParameter("password"));

            OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
            Response response = new Response(outputStream);

            response.println("<html><head><title>HTTP响应示例</title>");
            response.println("</head><body>");
            response.println("欢迎:").println(request.getParameter("name")).println("回来");
            response.println("</body></html>");
            response.pushToClient(200);

            accept.close();
        }

    }
}


一个简单的Servlet容器实现

  • 2
    点赞
  • 6
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值