练习1
客户端:发送数据
服务器:接收数据,并展示
客户端
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建套接字
Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);
//创建输出流
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
//写数据
outputStream.write("你好啊,服务器".getBytes());
//释放资源
socket.close();
}
}
服务器
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建服务器套接字
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
//获取发出请求的客户端套接字
Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
byte []bytes = new byte[1024];
int len = inputStream.read(bytes);
System.out.println(new String(bytes,0,len));
accept.close();
serverSocket.close();
}
}
进阶版:
客户端发送数据,服务器端显示客户端的数据,并向客户端发出响应数据
客户端:
package com.tcp;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建套接字
Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);
//创建输出流
OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
//写数据
outputStream.write("你好啊,服务器".getBytes());
//接收服务器端的数据
InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
byte []bytes = new byte[1024];
int len = inputStream.read(bytes);
System.out.println("接收来自服务器端的数据:"+new String(bytes,0,len));
//释放资源
socket.close();
}
}
服务器端:
package com.tcp;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建服务器套接字
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
//获取发出请求的客户端套接字
Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
//接收来自客户端的数据
InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
byte []bytes = new byte[1024];
int len = inputStream.read(bytes);
System.out.println("来自客户端的消息:"+ new String(bytes,0,len));
//向客户端发送数据
OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
outputStream.write("你好啊,客户端!,消息已收到".getBytes());
//关闭
accept.close();
serverSocket.close();
}
}
练习2
客户端:数据来自于键盘录入,直到输入的数据是886,发送数据结束
服务器:接收到的数据在控制台输出
客户端
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建套接字
Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);
//字符流转换成字节流,再封装成缓冲流
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String line;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
if("886".equals(line))
break;
bufferedWriter.write(line);
bufferedWriter.newLine(); //换行
bufferedWriter.flush(); //刷新
}
//释放资源
socket.close();
}
}
服务器端
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建服务器套接字
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
//获取发出请求的客户端套接字
Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(accept.getInputStream()));
String line;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println(line);
}
accept.close();
serverSocket.close();
}
}
此时,在浏览器输入url,观看打印台的内容
修改服务器端
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建服务器套接字
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
while (true){
//获取发出请求的客户端套接字
Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));
bufferedWriter.write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
bufferedWriter.newLine();
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Type:text/html");
bufferedWriter.newLine();
/*Content-Length长度必须保证和你下面传输的数据长度一致(字节个数)
过短会截取,过长会请求超时
*/
bufferedWriter.write("Content-Length:20");
bufferedWriter.newLine();
bufferedWriter.newLine();
bufferedWriter.write("<h1>Hello,World!abcdefg</h1>");
bufferedWriter.flush();
accept.close();
}
}
}
先学习
2阶——Http协议(Request封装请求、Response封装输出) 路径的写法
手写服务器httpserver_封装Response_封装Request_JAVA199-201
浏览器输入以下url:
GET /index?name=hangover&password=123 HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8888
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="94", "Google Chrome";v="94", ";Not A Brand";v="99"
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.81 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: none
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: Idea-17670b7a=4d792870-1d4b-4f1f-8740-811ab0ac3cdc; Idea-10a747c5=921e4f0b-61d8-41f2-9041-499eea091075; Pycharm-34408c98=77b79e3b-a685-4ad8-bdd1-9a409381a7e9
POST
先写一个html界面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="http://localhost:8888/index" method="post">
姓名:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="post请求方式">
</form>
</body>
</html>
服务器端:
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建服务器套接字
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
//获取发出请求的客户端套接字
Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
byte data[] = new byte[2048];
int len = inputStream.read(data);
String info = new String(data,0,len);
System.out.println(info);
accept.close();
serverSocket.close();
}
}
POST /index HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8888
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 27
Cache-Control: max-age=0
sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="94", "Google Chrome";v="94", ";Not A Brand";v="99"
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Origin: http://localhost:63342
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.81 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-site
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Sec-Fetch-Dest: document
Referer: http://localhost:63342/
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: Idea-17670b7a=4d792870-1d4b-4f1f-8740-811ab0ac3cdc; Idea-10a747c5=921e4f0b-61d8-41f2-9041-499eea091075; Pycharm-34408c98=77b79e3b-a685-4ad8-bdd1-9a409381a7e9
name=shmily&password=123456
Process finished with exit code 0
封装Request
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.*;
//对请求报文进行封装
public class Request {
private String method; //请求方式
private String URI; //请求资源
private Map<String, List<String>> parameterMapValue;//请求参数
public static final String CRLF = "\r\n";
private InputStream inputStream;
private String requestInfo; //用来保存请求报文数据
public Request() {
method = "";
URI = "";
parameterMapValue = new HashMap<>();
requestInfo = "";
}
public Request(InputStream inputStream) {
this();
this.inputStream = inputStream;
try{
byte []data = new byte[2048];
int len = inputStream.read(data);
requestInfo = new String(data,0,len);
}catch (IOException e){
return;
}
parseRequestInfo();
}
public String getMethod() {
return method;
}
public String getUrl() {
return URI;
}
public Map<String, List<String>> getParameterMapValue() {
return parameterMapValue;
}
//根据参数名称获取对应的多个值
public String[] getParameters(String parameter){
List<String> values = null;
if((values = parameterMapValue.get(parameter)) == null){
return null;
}else{
return values.toArray(new String[0]);
}
}
//根据参数名称获取对应的单个值
public String getParameter(String parameter){
String[] values = getParameters(parameter);
if(values == null)
return null;
return values[0];
}
//分析请求信息
private void parseRequestInfo(){
if((null == requestInfo) || (requestInfo = requestInfo.trim()).equals(""))
return;
/**
* ====================================
* 从信息的首行分解出:请求方式 请求路径 请求参数(get可能存在)
* 如:GET /index.html?uname=intputUname&pwd=inputPassword HTTP/1.1
*
* 如果为post方式,请求参数可能在最后正文中
* ====================================
*/
String paramString = "";//接收请求参数
//获取请求方式
//首部行 GET /index?name=hangover&password=123 HTTP/1.1
String firstLine = requestInfo.substring(0,requestInfo.indexOf(CRLF));
int idx = requestInfo.indexOf("/"); // /的位置
this.method = firstLine.substring(0,idx).trim();
String urlStr = firstLine.substring(idx,firstLine.indexOf("HTTP")).trim();
// POST /index HTTP/1.1
if(this.method.equals("POST")){
this.URI = urlStr;
paramString = requestInfo.substring(requestInfo.lastIndexOf(CRLF)).trim();
}else if(this.method.equals("GET")){
//考虑没有参数
if(urlStr.contains("?")){
String []urlArray = urlStr.split("\\?");
this.URI = urlArray[0];
paramString = urlArray[1];
}else{
this.URI = urlStr;
}
}
parseParams(paramString);
}
//将请求参数封装到Map中
// name=shmily&password=123456
private void parseParams(String paramString){
//分割,将字符串转成数组
StringTokenizer stringTokenizer = new StringTokenizer(paramString, "&");
while (stringTokenizer.hasMoreTokens()){
String keyValue = stringTokenizer.nextToken();
String[] keyValues = keyValue.split("=");
//考虑name=shmily&password
if(keyValues.length == 1){
keyValues = Arrays.copyOf(keyValues,2); //申请两个空间,并复制原来的
keyValues[1] = null;
}
String key = keyValues[0].trim();
String value = null == keyValues[1] ?null:decode(keyValues[1].trim(),"utf-8");
//考虑name=shmily&name=hangover
if(!parameterMapValue.containsKey(key)){
parameterMapValue.put(key,new ArrayList<>());
}
List<String> values = parameterMapValue.get(key);
values.add(value);
}
}
//解决中文
private String decode(String value,String code){
try{
return java.net.URLDecoder.decode(value,code);
}catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
服务器端
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建服务器套接字
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
//获取发出请求的客户端套接字
Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
Request request = new Request(inputStream);
System.out.println("请求方式:" + request.getMethod());
System.out.println("请求资源:"+request.getUrl());
System.out.println("姓名:"+request.getParameter("name"));
System.out.println("密码:"+request.getParameter("password"));
accept.close();
serverSocket.close();
}
}
封装Response
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.security.cert.CRL;
import java.util.Date;
//封装响应报文
public class Response {
public static final String CRLF = "\t\n";
public static final String BLANK = " ";
//输出流
private BufferedWriter bufferedWriter;
//响应头
private StringBuilder headInfo;
//响应体
private StringBuilder content;
//响应体长度
private int len = 0;
//响应类型
private String contentType = "text/html;charset=utf-8";
public Response() {
headInfo = new StringBuilder();
content = new StringBuilder();
len = 0;
}
public Response(OutputStream outputStream){
this();
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
}
public void setContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}
//构建响应头
private void createHeadInfo(int code){
//构建状态行 HTTP协议版本,状态代码,描述
headInfo.append("HTTP/1.1").append(BLANK).append(code).append(BLANK);
switch (code){
case 200:
headInfo.append("OK");
break;
case 404:
headInfo.append("Not Found");
break;
case 500:
headInfo.append("Server Error");
break;
}
headInfo.append(CRLF);
//响应头
headInfo.append("Server:test Server/0.0.1").append(CRLF);
headInfo.append("Date").append(new Date()).append(CRLF);
headInfo.append("Content-type:").append(contentType).append(CRLF);
//正文长度
headInfo.append("Content-Length:").append(len);
headInfo.append("\n\n");
}
//构建响应体
public Response print(String info){
content.append(info);
len += info.length();
return this;
}
//构建响应体+回车
public Response println(String info){
content.append(info).append(CRLF);
len += (info + CRLF).getBytes().length;
return this;
}
//推送到客户端
public void pushToClient(int code) throws IOException{
createHeadInfo(code);
bufferedWriter.append(headInfo.toString());
bufferedWriter.append(content.toString());
bufferedWriter.flush();
bufferedWriter.close();
}
}
服务器端
package com.jvm.t1;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//创建服务器套接字
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
while (true){
//获取发出请求的客户端套接字
Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();
Request request = new Request(inputStream);
System.out.println("请求方式:" + request.getMethod());
System.out.println("请求资源:"+request.getUrl());
System.out.println("姓名:"+request.getParameter("name"));
System.out.println("密码:"+request.getParameter("password"));
OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
Response response = new Response(outputStream);
response.println("<html><head><title>HTTP响应示例</title>");
response.println("</head><body>");
response.println("欢迎:").println(request.getParameter("name")).println("回来");
response.println("</body></html>");
response.pushToClient(200);
accept.close();
}
}
}