AIDL的实例，看一看结构

Android支持两种类型的服务：本地服务与远程服务。本地服务只能供承载它的应用程序使用，而远程服务还可以供其它应用程序使用。在Android中，远程服务可以使用AIDL(Android Interface Definition Language)向客户端定义自身。即Android中IPC机制实现的一种方式，下面看看Android studio中使用aidl的方式。

这个是同一个项目中通过更改清单文件让service跟此项目处于不同的进程。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="yinwei.com.aidlservice" >

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <!--android:process=":remote"处于不同的进程-->
        <service
            android:name=".BookMangerService"
            android:process=":remote"
            >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.yinwei.bookMangerService"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>
    </application>

</manifest>

首先是book类：

public class Book implements Parcelable {

    private String name;
    private String author;


    public Book(String name, String author) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }


    public Book() {
    }

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeString(this.name);
        dest.writeString(this.author);
    }

    protected Book(Parcel in) {
        this.name = in.readString();
        this.author = in.readString();
    }

    public static final Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {
        public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
            return new Book(source);
        }

        public Book[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Book[size];
        }
    };
}

其次是三个aidl文件

// Book.aidl
package yinwei.com.aidlservice;

// 用到的类声明为parcelable

parcelable Book;

// onNewBookAdd.aidl
package yinwei.com.aidlservice;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
import yinwei.com.aidlservice.Book;
interface onNewBookAddListener {

  void onNewBookAdd(in Book book);

}

// BookManger.aidl
package yinwei.com.aidlservice;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
import yinwei.com.aidlservice.Book;
import yinwei.com.aidlservice.onNewBookAddListener;
interface BookManger {

 List<Book> getBookList();

 void addBook(in Book book);

void registerListener(onNewBookAddListener listener);

void unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener listener);
}

然后搞定我们的service

public class BookMangerService extends Service {

    //java并发集合
    private CopyOnWriteArrayList<Book> bookList=new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();

    //进程操作专用集合
    private RemoteCallbackList<onNewBookAddListener> remoteCallbackList=new RemoteCallbackList<>();

    //原子操作
    private AtomicBoolean mIsDeid=new AtomicBoolean(false);


    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        // TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
        return iBinder;
    }



    private final IBinder iBinder=new BookManger.Stub(){

        @Override
        public IBinder asBinder() {
            return super.asBinder();
        }

        @Override
        public void addBook(Book book) throws RemoteException {

            Log.d("book-------", book.getName() + ":" + book.getAuthor());
            onNewBookAdd(book);

        }

        @Override
        public List<Book> getBookList() throws RemoteException {
            return bookList;
        }


        @Override
        public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags) throws RemoteException {
            return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
        }

        @Override
        public void unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener listener) throws RemoteException {

            remoteCallbackList.unregister(listener);

        }

        @Override
        public void registerListener(onNewBookAddListener listener) throws RemoteException {

            remoteCallbackList.register(listener);

        }
    };


    private void onNewBookAdd(Book book){

        bookList.add(book);
        int n=remoteCallbackList.beginBroadcast();
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){

            onNewBookAddListener listener=remoteCallbackList.getBroadcastItem(i);
            if(listener!=null){

                try {
                    listener.onNewBookAdd(book);
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }


            }

        }
        remoteCallbackList.finishBroadcast();
    }


    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        mIsDeid.set(true);
    }
}

其次是客户端

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements IBinder.DeathRecipient {

    BookManger bookManger;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //android5.0之后不能使用隐式调用，下面是谷歌推荐的方式
        Intent intent=new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.yinwei.bookMangerService");
        intent.setPackage(getPackageName());
        bindService(intent, serviceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }


    @Override
    public void binderDied() {

    }

    ServiceConnection serviceConnection=new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {



            bookManger=BookManger.Stub.asInterface(service);

            try {
                service.linkToDeath(MainActivity.this,IBinder.DUMP_TRANSACTION);//绑定binder死亡监听
                bookManger.addBook(new Book("Android","yinwei"));
                bookManger.registerListener(onNewBookAddListener);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

            bookManger=null;
        }
    };




    private onNewBookAddListener onNewBookAddListener=new onNewBookAddListener.Stub(){

        @Override
        public void onNewBookAdd(Book book) throws RemoteException {

            Log.d("新书book-------", book.getName() + ":" + book.getAuthor());
        }
    };


    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        try {
            if(bookManger!=null) {

                bookManger.unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener);
                bookManger.asBinder().unlinkToDeath(this,IBinder.DUMP_TRANSACTION);
            }


        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

同一个项目中aidl的结构比较好处理，我们看看不同项目的

首先我们直接复制过来aidl所属的文件夹，其次是处理book，需要放到相同的包下。

然后绑定我们的远程service

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    BookManger bookManger;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Intent intent=new Intent();
        intent.setAction("com.yinwei.bookMangerService");
        intent.setPackage("yinwei.com.aidlservice");
        bindService(intent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);


    }

    ServiceConnection connection=new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {

           bookManger=BookManger.Stub.asInterface(service);

            try {
                bookManger.addBook(new Book("九星天辰诀","蜗牛"));
                bookManger.registerListener(onNewBookAddListener);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

            bookManger=null;

        }
    };


    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(connection);
        try {
            if(bookManger!=null) {
                bookManger.unRegisterListener(onNewBookAddListener);
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    private yinwei.com.aidlservice.onNewBookAddListener onNewBookAddListener=new onNewBookAddListener.Stub(){

        @Override
        public void onNewBookAdd(Book book) throws RemoteException {
            Log.d("新书book-------", book.getName() + ":" + book.getAuthor());
        }
    };


}

附上示例下载地址： aidl代码