springMVC框架初始化流程的初步理解

场景

前段时间工作上的任务比较闲，就拐回去看了看spring的工作机制相关的东西，进而想到了要看看springMVC框架的实现思路，用了有半年了还不知道它内部的实现原理，所以这次想一探究竟。

servlet机制

可以参考这篇文章，说得很详细

上下文环境

ServletContext接口定义了运行Servlet的应用程序环境的一些行为和观点，可以使用ServletContext实现对象来取得锁清秋资源的URL、设置与储存 属性、应用程序初始参数，设置动态设置Servlet实例。当整个Web应用程序加载Web容器之后，容器会生成一个ServletContext对象作为整个应用程序的代表，并设置给ServletConfig，只要通过Servlet的getServletContext()方法就可以取得ServletContext对象。

tomcat服务器就是根据servlet定义加载web.xml生成servletContext对象，这个时候我的理解就是web框架需要做的就是实现一个初始化监听器，并且接收servletContext作用初始化参数：

 <listener>
  <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 </listener>

contextLoaderListener实现servletContextListener接口，使得tomcat在初始化加载完web.xml后调用servletContextListener的contextInitialized（ServletContextEvent）方法，spring实现contextLoaderListener在实现的contextInitialized方法中初始化spring的上下文对象用于对spring上下文的管理。

/**
     * Initialize Spring's web application context for the given servlet context,
     * according to the "{@link #CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM contextClass}" and
     * "{@link #CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM contextConfigLocation}" context-params.
     * @param servletContext current servlet context
     * @return the new WebApplicationContext
     * @see #CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM
     * @see #CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM
     */
    public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
        if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +
                    "check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
        }

        Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
        servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
        if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
            logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
        }
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        try {
            // Determine parent for root web application context, if any.
            ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);

            // Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
            // it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
            this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext, parent);
            servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);

            ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
            if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
                currentContext = this.context;
            }
            else if (ccl != null) {
                currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
            }

            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
                        WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
            }
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
                logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
            }

            return this.context;
        }
        catch (RuntimeException ex) {
            logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
            servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
            throw ex;
        }
        catch (Error err) {
            logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
            servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
            throw err;
        }
    }

这个时候我在想，spring的配置文件在哪里读取的？明明在web.xml文件中已经配置了。然后又去ContextLoader中找contextConfigLocation，结果有这个属性：

/**
     * Name of servlet context parameter (i.e., "<code>contextConfigLocation</code>")
     * that can specify the config location for the root context, falling back
     * to the implementation's default otherwise.
     * @see org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext#DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION
     */
    public static final String CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM = "contextConfigLocation";

并且在创建spring上下文对象ApplicationContext的时候付给该对象：

这里wac为ConfigurableWebApplicationContext的实例，该类是spring上下文对象的接口类。

这里的refresh方法是对spring管理的bean工厂、事件广播器、消息源、事件监听器等的初始化及bean定义的加载。

    public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            // Prepare this context for refreshing.
            prepareRefresh();

            // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Initialize message source for this context.
                initMessageSource();

                // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
                initApplicationEventMulticaster();

                // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
                onRefresh();

                // Check for listener beans and register them.
                registerListeners();

                // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                // Last step: publish corresponding event.
                finishRefresh();
            }

            catch (BeansException ex) {
                // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
                destroyBeans();

                // Reset 'active' flag.
                cancelRefresh(ex);

                // Propagate exception to caller.
                throw ex;
            }
        }
    }

到这里springmvc的初始化工作基本完成了，第一次看框架源代码，可能有些地方理解有偏差，不对的地方，希望猿们帮忙指正，共同进步~~~