C标准库参考指南（9）signal.h

9. signal.h

头文件signal处理程序运行时产生的信号的方法。

宏:

SIG_DFL

SIG_ERR

SIG_IGN

SIGABRT

SIGFPE

SIGILL

SIGINT

SIGSEGV

SIGTERM

函数:

signal();

raise();

变量:

typedef sig_atomic_t

9.1. 变量和定义

类型sig_atomic_t就是int，作为signal函数的handler中的变量。SIG_宏用于signal函数中用于定义信号函数。

SIG_DFL   默认handler。

SIG_ERR   表示错误信号。

SIG_IGN   忽略信号。

SIG宏代表下列情况下的信号编号。

SIGABRT   异常终止（由abort函数产生)。

SIGFPE   浮点错误（由零除运行、不合理操作产生）。

SIGILL   非法操作（指令）。

SIGINT   交互信号（比如我们熟悉的Ctrl-C）。

SIGSEGV   非法存储访问（段错误，内存错误）。

SIGTERM   终止请求。

9.2. signal

声明:

void (*signal(int sig, void (*func)(int)))(int);

该函数管理一个信号应该如何被操控。sig代表与SIG宏相容的信号编号。func函数会在信号产生时被调用。如果函数是SIG_DFL，则调用默认的handler。如果func是SIG_IGN，则信号被忽略。如果func指向一个函数，那么当检测到一个信号并执行默认handler时，该函数会被调用。函数必须携带一个int参数代表信号编号。函数可能被return，abort，exit，或者longjmp终止。当函数终止时，程序继续从中断处执行（除非是结果未定义的信号SIGFPE）。

如果信号调用成功，则返回指向之前特定信号类型的handler的指针。如果信号调用失败，则返回SIG_ERR并且将errno设置一个合理值。

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