Ubuntu安装R语言及相关包，如：car

Ubuntu安装R语言及相关包，如：car

生命在于运动，人生在于折腾,在windows上跑起R后，想着在linux上也折腾一波，在centos、ubuntu上都尝试了，但是只在ubuntu上成功了，赶紧用小本本上记下来

	# 添加rrutter
	sudo add-apt-repository ppa:marutter/rrutter
	sudo apt-get update 
	sudo apt-get upgrade
	sudo apt-get install r-base-dev r-base-core -y
	# 解决大部分R的依赖问题
	sudo apt-get build-dep r-base-core r-base-dev 

此时可以进入 R 开始安装相关包，如：car

> install.packages("car",dep=TRUE,INSTALL_opts=c('--no-lock'))

该指令能够安装上car包，但是部分依赖包会报错而安装不上，会出现类似提示信息：

------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because libwebp was not found. Try installing:
 * deb: libwebp-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
 * rpm: libwebp-devel (Fedora, EPEL)
 * csw: libwebp_dev (Solaris)
 * brew: webp (OSX)
If libwebp is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a libwebp.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------

然后又根据错误信息安装了一些依赖：

apt-get install libxml2-dev libavfilter-dev librsvg2-dev libwebp-dev libpoppler-cpp-dev cargo libmagick++-dev -y

大多可以根据该提示安装对应的补丁运行库等安装上，但是最后我还是有部分包，如rgl，alr4没安装上，但是car包使用目前没有出问题。
最后附上部分安装时的重要日志，如果有同道中人在centos尝试安装R的car包，希望能提供一些帮助，（主要同样的补丁运行库，apt和yum指令对应的名字不一样，想安装也无从下手，同时当下时间有点紧）

*****@********:/home# sudo apt-get install -y r-base-dev r-base-core
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  autoconf automake bzip2-doc cdbs dh-translations fontconfig fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core gfortran gfortran-5 icu-devtools intltool libauthen-sasl-perl
  libblas-common libblas-dev libblas3 libbz2-dev libcairo2 libcurl3 libdatrie1 libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-common libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2
  libencode-locale-perl libfile-basedir-perl libfile-desktopentry-perl libfile-listing-perl libfile-mimeinfo-perl libfont-afm-perl libfontconfig1 libfontenc1
  libgfortran-5-dev libgfortran3 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libgraphite2-3 libharfbuzz0b libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl
  libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libice6 libicu-dev
  libio-html-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libipc-system-simple-perl libjpeg-dev libjpeg-turbo8-dev libjpeg8-dev liblapack-dev liblapack3 libllvm6.0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl
  liblwp-protocol-https-perl liblzma-dev libmailtools-perl libncurses5-dev libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-smtp-ssl-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libpango-1.0-0
  libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpaper-utils libpaper1 libpciaccess0 libpcre16-3 libpcre3-dev libpcre32-3 libpcrecpp0v5 libpixman-1-0 libpng12-dev
  libreadline-dev libreadline6-dev libsm6 libtcl8.6 libthai-data libthai0 libtie-ixhash-perl libtinfo-dev libtk8.6 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0 liburi-perl libwww-perl
  libwww-robotrules-perl libx11-protocol-perl libx11-xcb1 libxaw7 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0
  libxcb-sync1 libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxfixes3 libxft2 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpathengine-perl libxmu6 libxpm4
  libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxss1 libxt6 libxtst6 libxv1 libxxf86dga1 libxxf86vm1 pkg-config python-scour python-six r-cran-boot r-cran-class r-cran-cluster
  r-cran-codetools r-cran-foreign r-cran-kernsmooth r-cran-lattice r-cran-mass r-cran-matrix r-cran-mgcv r-cran-nlme r-cran-nnet r-cran-rpart r-cran-spatial
  r-cran-survival r-doc-html r-recommended unzip x11-common x11-utils x11-xserver-utils xdg-utils zip zlib1g-dev
Suggested packages:
  autoconf-archive gnu-standards autoconf-doc libtool devscripts gfortran-multilib gfortran-doc gfortran-5-multilib gfortran-5-doc libgfortran3-dbg libdigest-hmac-perl
  libgssapi-perl liblapack-doc-man liblapack-doc libdata-dump-perl icu-doc libcrypt-ssleay-perl liblzma-doc ncurses-doc readline-doc tcl8.6 tk8.6 libauthen-ntlm-perl
  libunicode-map8-perl libunicode-string-perl xml-twig-tools python-rsvg python-cairo ess r-doc-info | r-doc-pdf r-mathlib r-base-html texlive-base texlive-latex-base
  texlive-generic-recommended texlive-fonts-recommended texlive-fonts-extra texlive-extra-utils texlive-latex-recommended texlive-latex-extra texinfo mozilla
  | www-browser mesa-utils nickle cairo-5c xorg-docs-core gvfs-bin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  autoconf automake bzip2-doc cdbs dh-translations fontconfig fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core gfortran gfortran-5 icu-devtools intltool libauthen-sasl-perl
  libblas-common libblas-dev libblas3 libbz2-dev libcairo2 libcurl3 libdatrie1 libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-common libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1
  libencode-locale-perl libfile-basedir-perl libfile-desktopentry-perl libfile-listing-perl libfile-mimeinfo-perl libfont-afm-perl libfontconfig1 libfontenc1
  libgfortran-5-dev libgfortran3 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libgraphite2-3 libharfbuzz0b libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl libhtml-parser-perl
  libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libice6 libicu-dev
  libio-html-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libipc-system-simple-perl libjpeg-dev libjpeg-turbo8-dev libjpeg8-dev liblapack-dev liblapack3 libllvm6.0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl
  liblwp-protocol-https-perl liblzma-dev libmailtools-perl libncurses5-dev libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-smtp-ssl-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libpango-1.0-0
  libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpaper-utils libpaper1 libpciaccess0 libpcre16-3 libpcre3-dev libpcre32-3 libpcrecpp0v5 libpixman-1-0 libpng12-dev
  libreadline-dev libreadline6-dev libsm6 libtcl8.6 libthai-data libthai0 libtie-ixhash-perl libtinfo-dev libtk8.6 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0 liburi-perl libwww-perl
  libwww-robotrules-perl libx11-protocol-perl libx11-xcb1 libxaw7 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0
  libxcb-sync1 libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxfixes3 libxft2 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxml-xpathengine-perl libxmu6 libxpm4
  libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxss1 libxt6 libxtst6 libxv1 libxxf86dga1 libxxf86vm1 pkg-config python-scour python-six r-base-core r-base-dev r-cran-boot
  r-cran-class r-cran-cluster r-cran-codetools r-cran-foreign r-cran-kernsmooth r-cran-lattice r-cran-mass r-cran-matrix r-cran-mgcv r-cran-nlme r-cran-nnet r-cran-rpart
  r-cran-spatial r-cran-survival r-doc-html r-recommended unzip x11-common x11-utils x11-xserver-utils xdg-utils zip zlib1g-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libdrm2
1 upgraded, 156 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 93.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 396 MB of additional disk space will be used.

****@**********:/home# sudo apt-get build-dep r-base-core r-base-dev
Reading package lists...
Picking 'r-base' as source package instead of 'r-base-core'
Picking 'r-base' as source package instead of 'r-base-dev'
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  bison ca-certificates-java default-jdk default-jdk-headless default-jre
  default-jre-headless fonts-cabin fonts-comfortaa fonts-crosextra-caladea
  fonts-crosextra-carlito fonts-dejavu-extra fonts-ebgaramond
  fonts-ebgaramond-extra fonts-font-awesome fonts-freefont-otf
  fonts-freefont-ttf fonts-gfs-artemisia fonts-gfs-complutum fonts-gfs-didot
  fonts-gfs-neohellenic fonts-gfs-olga fonts-gfs-solomos fonts-junicode
  fonts-lato fonts-linuxlibertine fonts-lobster fonts-lobstertwo
  fonts-oflb-asana-math fonts-roboto-hinted fonts-sil-gentium
  fonts-sil-gentium-basic fonts-sil-gentiumplus fonts-stix gir1.2-freedesktop
  gir1.2-pango-1.0 java-common libasound2 libasound2-data libasyncns0
  libatk1.0-0 libatk1.0-data libbison-dev libcairo-gobject2
  libcairo-script-interpreter2 libcairo2-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libflac8
  libfontconfig1-dev libfreetype6-dev libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0
  libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgif7 libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-dev libgs9
  libgs9-common libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-common libharfbuzz-dev
  libharfbuzz-gobject0 libharfbuzz-icu0 libice-dev libijs-0.35 libjbig-dev
  libjbig2dec0 libkpathsea6 liblcms2-2 libogg0 libpango1.0-dev
  libpangoxft-1.0-0 libpcsclite1 libpixman-1-dev libpoppler58 libpotrace0
  libptexenc1 libpthread-stubs0-dev libpulse0 libsm-dev libsndfile1
  libsynctex1 libtexlua52 libtexluajit2 libtext-unidecode-perl libtiff5-dev
  libtiffxx5 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libx11-dev libxau-dev
  libxcb-render0-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb1-dev libxdmcp-dev libxext-dev
  libxfont1 libxft-dev libxkbfile1 libxml-libxml-perl
  libxml-namespacesupport-perl libxml-sax-base-perl libxml-sax-perl
  libxrender-dev libxss-dev libxt-dev libzzip-0-13 mpack openjdk-8-jdk
  openjdk-8-jdk-headless openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless poppler-data
  preview-latex-style t1utils tcl8.6 tcl8.6-dev tex-common texinfo
  texlive-base texlive-binaries texlive-extra-utils texlive-fonts-extra
  texlive-fonts-recommended texlive-generic-recommended texlive-latex-base
  texlive-latex-extra texlive-latex-recommended texlive-pictures tk8.6
  tk8.6-dev ttf-adf-accanthis ttf-adf-gillius ttf-adf-universalis
  x11-xkb-utils x11proto-core-dev x11proto-input-dev x11proto-kb-dev
  x11proto-render-dev x11proto-scrnsaver-dev x11proto-xext-dev xfonts-base
  xfonts-encodings xfonts-utils xorg-sgml-doctools xserver-common xtrans-dev
  xvfb
0 upgraded, 146 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 403 MB of archives.
After this operation, 1,238 MB of additional disk space will be used.